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Carl Gauss

Carl Friedrich Gauss
Carl Friedrich Gauss 1840 by Jensen.jpg
Carl Friedrich Gauß (1777–1855), painted by Christian Albrecht Jensen
Born Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss
(1777-04-30)30 April 1777
Brunswick, Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empire
Died 23 February 1855(1855-02-23) (aged 77)
Göttingen, Kingdom of Hanover
Residence Kingdom of Hanover
Nationality German
Fields Mathematics and physics
Institutions University of Göttingen
Alma mater University of Helmstedt
Thesis Demonstratio nova... (1799)
Doctoral advisor Johann Friedrich Pfaff
Other academic advisors Johann Christian Martin Bartels
Doctoral students Johann Listing
Christian Ludwig Gerling
Richard Dedekind
Bernhard Riemann
Christian Peters
Moritz Cantor
Other notable students Johann Encke
Christoph Gudermann
Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Gotthold Eisenstein
Carl Wolfgang Benjamin Goldschmidt
Gustav Kirchhoff
Ernst Kummer
August Ferdinand Möbius
L. C. Schnürlein
Julius Weisbach
Known for See full list
Influenced Friedrich Bessel
Sophie Germain
Ferdinand Minding
Notable awards Lalande Prize (1810)
Copley Medal (1838)
Signature

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (/ɡs/; German: Gauß, pronounced [ɡaʊs]; Latin: Carolus Fridericus Gauss) (30 April 1777 Braunschweig – 23 February 1855 Göttingen) was a German mathematician who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, mechanics, electrostatics, astronomy, matrix theory, and optics.

Sometimes referred to as the Princeps mathematicorum (Latin, "the foremost of mathematicians") and "greatest mathematician since antiquity", Gauss had an exceptional influence in many fields of mathematics and science and is ranked as one of history's most influential mathematicians.

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss was born on 30 April 1777 in Brunswick (Braunschweig), in the Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (now part of Lower Saxony, Germany), as the son of poor working-class parents. His mother was illiterate and never recorded the date of his birth, remembering only that he had been born on a Wednesday, eight days before the Feast of the Ascension, which itself occurs 39 days after Easter. Gauss later solved this puzzle about his birthdate in the context of finding the date of Easter, deriving methods to compute the date in both past and future years. He was christened and confirmed in a church near the school he attended as a child.


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