Caraway seeds
| Caraway | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | Carum |
| Species: | C. carvi |
| Binomial name | |
|
Carum carvi L. |
|
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 333 kcal (1,390 kJ) |
|
49.90 g
|
|
| Sugars | 0.64 g |
| Dietary fiber | 38.0 g |
|
14.59 g
|
|
| Saturated | 0.620 g |
| Monounsaturated | 7.125 g |
| Polyunsaturated | 3.272 g |
|
19.77 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin A equiv. |
(2%)
18 μg |
| Thiamine (B1) |
(33%)
0.383 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(32%)
0.379 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
(24%)
3.606 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
(28%)
0.360 mg |
| Folate (B9) |
(3%)
10 μg |
| Vitamin B12 |
(0%)
0 μg |
| Vitamin C |
(25%)
21.0 mg |
| Vitamin E |
(17%)
2.5 mg |
| Vitamin K |
(0%)
0 μg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(69%)
689 mg |
| Iron |
(125%)
16.23 mg |
| Magnesium |
(73%)
258 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(81%)
568 mg |
| Potassium |
(29%)
1351 mg |
| Sodium |
(1%)
17 mg |
| Zinc |
(58%)
5.5 mg |
| Other constituents | |
| Water | 9.87 g |
|
|
| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
|
Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin, (Carum carvi) is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.
The plant is similar in appearance to other members of the carrot family, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on 20–30 cm (7.9–11.8 in) stems. The main flower stem is 40–60 cm (16–24 in) tall, with small white or pink flowers in umbels. Caraway fruits (erroneously called seeds) are crescent-shaped achenes, around 2 mm (0.08 in) long, with five pale ridges.
The etymology of caraway is complex and poorly understood.
Caraway has been called by many names in different regions, with names deriving from the Latin cuminum (cumin), the Greek karon (again, cumin), which was adapted into Latin as carum (now meaning caraway), and the Sanskrit karavi, sometimes translated as "caraway", but other times understood to mean "fennel".
English use of the term caraway dates back to at least 1440, and is considered by Skeat to be of Arabic origin, though Katzer believes the Arabic al-karawya (cf. Spanish alcaravea) to be derived from the Latin carum.
The fruits, usually used whole, have a pungent, anise-like flavor and aroma that comes from essential oils, mostly carvone, limonene, and anethole. Caraway is used as a spice in breads, especially rye bread.
Caraway is also used in desserts, liquors, casseroles, and other foods. It is also found in European cuisine. For example, it is used in caraway seed cake, and it is frequently added to sauerkraut. The roots may be cooked as a vegetable like parsnips or carrots. Additionally, the leaves are sometimes consumed as herbs, either raw, dried, or cooked, similar to parsley.
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Wikipedia