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Assad regime

Syrian Arab Republic
الجمهورية العربية السورية (Arabic)
al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah
Anthem: "حماة الديار" (Arabic)
Humat ad-Diyar
Guardians of the Homeland
Location of Syria
Location of Syria
Capital
and largest city
Damascus
33°30′N 36°18′E / 33.500°N 36.300°E / 33.500; 36.300
Official languages Arabic
Ethnic groups
Religion 87% Islam
10% Christianity
3% Druzism
Government Unitary dominant-partysemi-presidential republic
• President
Bashar al-Assad
Imad Khamis
Hadiya Khalaf Abbas
Legislature People's Council
Establishment
• Proclamation of Arab Kingdom of Syria
8 March 1920
• State of Syria established under French Mandate
1 December 1924
• Syrian Republic established by merger of States of Jabal Druze, Alawites and Syria
1930
• Independence (Joint UN / French Mandate ended)
24 October 1945
• Last French
troops leave
17 April 1946
28 September 1961
8 March 1963
27 February 2012
Area
• Total
185,180 km2 (71,500 sq mi) (89th)
• Water (%)
1.1
Population
• July 2014 estimate
17,064,854 (54th)
• Density
118.3/km2 (306.4/sq mi) (101st)
GDP (PPP) 2010 estimate
• Total
$107.831 billion
• Per capita
$5,040
GDP (nominal) 2010 estimate
• Total
$59.957 billion
• Per capita
$2,802
Gini (2014) 55.8
high
HDI (2016) Decrease 0.536
low · 149th
Currency Syrian pound (SYP)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
• Summer (DST)
EEST (UTC+3)
Drives on the right
Calling code +963
ISO 3166 code SY
Internet TLD .sy
سوريا.

Coordinates: 35°N 38°E / 35°N 38°E / 35; 38

Syria (/ˈsɪ.riə/; Arabic: سوريا‎‎ Sūriyā), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية‎‎ al-Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah as-Sūrīyah), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus.

A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians,Mandeans and Turks. Religious groups include Sunnis, Christians, Alawites, Druze, Mandeans, Shiites, Salafis, Yazidis, and Jews. Sunni Arabs make up the largest religious group in Syria.


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