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Apple tree

Apple
Red Apple.jpg
Fruit
Malus domestica a1.jpg
Flowers
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Malus
Species: M. pumila
Binomial name
Malus pumila
Miller, 1768
Synonyms
  • Malus communis Desf.
  • Malus domestica Borkh. nom. illeg.
  • M. frutescens Medik.
  • M. paradisiaca (L.) Medikus
  • M. sylvestris Mil.
  • Pyrus malus L.
  • Pyrus malus var. paradisiaca L.
  • Pyrus dioica Moench
Apples, with skin (edible parts)
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 218 kJ (52 kcal)
13.81 g
Sugars 10.39
Dietary fiber 2.4 g
0.17 g
0.26 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A equiv.
(0%)
3 μg
(0%)
27 μg
29 μg
Thiamine (B1)
(1%)
0.017 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(2%)
0.026 mg
Niacin (B3)
(1%)
0.091 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(1%)
0.061 mg
Vitamin B6
(3%)
0.041 mg
Folate (B9)
(1%)
3 μg
Vitamin C
(6%)
4.6 mg
Vitamin E
(1%)
0.18 mg
Vitamin K
(2%)
2.2 μg
Minerals
Calcium
(1%)
6 mg
Iron
(1%)
0.12 mg
Magnesium
(1%)
5 mg
Manganese
(2%)
0.035 mg
Phosphorus
(2%)
11 mg
Potassium
(2%)
107 mg
Sodium
(0%)
1 mg
Zinc
(0%)
0.04 mg
Other constituents
Water 85.56 g
Fluoride 3.3 µg

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.

The apple tree (Malus pumila, commonly and erroneously called Malus domestica) is a deciduous tree in the rose family best known for its sweet, pomaceous fruit, the apple. It is cultivated worldwide as a fruit tree, and is the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek and European Christian traditions.

Apple trees are large if grown from seed. Generally apple cultivars are propagated by grafting onto rootstocks, which control the size of the resulting tree. There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a range of desired characteristics. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw and cider production. Trees and fruit are prone to a number of fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means. In 2010, the fruit's genome was sequenced as part of research on disease control and selective breeding in apple production.


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