1993–94 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
| 1993–94 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season |
Season summary map
|
| Seasonal boundaries |
| First system formed |
November 9, 1993 |
| Last system dissipated |
April 14, 1994 |
| Strongest storm |
|
| Name |
Geralda |
| • Maximum winds |
205 km/h (125 mph)
(10-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure |
905 hPa (mbar) |
| Seasonal statistics |
| Total disturbances |
18 |
| Total depressions |
18 |
| Total storms |
14 (record high)
|
| Tropical cyclones |
8 |
| Intense tropical cyclones |
4 |
| Total fatalities |
484 total |
| Total damage |
$165 million (1994 USD) |
| Related articles |
|
|
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96
|
| Moderate tropical storm (MFR) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
November 9 – November 14 |
| Peak intensity |
85 km/h (55 mph) (10-min) 982 hPa (mbar) |
| Severe tropical storm (MFR) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
November 25 – December 2 |
| Peak intensity |
110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min) 970 hPa (mbar) |
| Severe tropical storm (MFR) |
| Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
December 12 – December 21 |
| Peak intensity |
100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min) 972 hPa (mbar) |
| Tropical cyclone (MFR) |
| Category 2 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 7 – January 16 |
| Peak intensity |
155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min) 935 hPa (mbar) |
| Severe tropical storm (MFR) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 13 – January 19 |
| Peak intensity |
95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min) 976 hPa (mbar) |
| Tropical cyclone (MFR) |
| Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 18 (entered basin) – January 21 |
| Peak intensity |
120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min) 960 hPa (mbar) |
| Intense tropical cyclone (MFR) |
| Category 5 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
January 26 – February 8 |
| Peak intensity |
205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min) 905 hPa (mbar) |
| Tropical cyclone (MFR) |
| Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 6 – February 14 |
| Peak intensity |
155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min) 940 hPa (mbar) |
| Tropical cyclone (MFR) |
| Category 3 tropical cyclone (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
February 8 – February 20 |
| Peak intensity |
140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min) 950 hPa (mbar) |
The 1993–94 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season was the most active since the start of reliable satellite coverage in 1967, with 14 named storms including one named tropical depression. Activity lasted from mid-November, when Moderate Tropical Storm Alexina formed, until mid-April, when Tropical Cyclone Odille became extratropical. Four tropical cyclones – Daisy, Geralda, Litanne, and Nadia – struck eastern Madagascar, of which Geralda was the costliest and deadliest. With gusts as strong as 350 km/h (220 mph) accompanied by heavy rainfall, the cyclone destroyed more than 40,000 homes and left 356,000 people homeless. Geralda killed 231 people and left more than $10 million in damage. Cyclone Nadia was the second deadliest cyclone, having killed 12 people in northern Madagascar and later severely damaging portions of northeastern Mozambique, killing about 240 people and leaving $20 million in damage in the latter country. In February, Cyclone Hollanda struck Mauritius near peak intensity, causing $135 million in damage and two deaths.
Three storms – Alexina, Bettina, and Cecilia – formed in late 1993, of which Cecilia affected land; it produced heavy rainfall in Réunion while dissipating. Cyclone Daisy was the first storm in 1994, which struck Madagascar twice and affected many areas that were later struck by Geralda. One cyclone – Farah – previously formed in the Australian basin as Tropical Cyclone Pearl before crossing into the south-west Indian Ocean. Tropical Cyclone Ivy threatened Mauritius just days after Hollanda struck, and Intense Tropical Cyclone Litanne in March was the third of the season to hit northeastern Madagascar. The basin is defined as the area west of 90°E and south of the Equator in the Indian Ocean, which includes the waters around Madagascar westward to the east coast of Africa. Tropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Réunion (MFR), as well as by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC).
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