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Zofran

Ondansetron
Ondansetron skeletal.svg
Ondansetron 3D.png
Clinical data
Trade names Zofran, Ondisolv, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a601209
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B1
  • US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Routes of
administration
by mouth, rectal, IV, IM
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability ~60%
Protein binding 70%-76%
Metabolism Liver (CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6)
Biological half-life 5.7 hours
Excretion Kidney
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.110.918
Chemical and physical data
Formula C18H19N3O
Molar mass 293.4 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)
  

Ondansetron, marketed under the brand name Zofran, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery. It is also useful in gastroenteritis. It has little effect on vomiting caused by motion sickness. It can be given by mouth, by injection into a muscle or into a vein.

Common side effects include diarrhea, constipation, headache, sleepiness, and itchiness. Serious side effects include QT prolongation and severe allergic reaction. It appears to be safe during pregnancy but has not been well studied in this group. It is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It does not have any effect on dopamine receptors or muscarinic receptors.

Ondansetron was first used medically in 1990. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost of the injectable form in the developing world is about 0.10 to 0.76 USD per dose. In the United States it costs about 1.37 USD per tablet.

Although an effective antiemetic agent, the high cost of brand-name ondansetron initially limited its use to controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.


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