Vaal river

Vaal
River
The Vaal River seen from the N3 national freeway, upstream from the Vaal Dam. Here it forms the border between the Mpumalanga and Free State provinces.
Country	South Africa
Regions	Free State, Gauteng, Northern Cape, Mpumalanga
Tributaries
- left	Vet River
Landmarks	Vredefort crater, Vaal Dam
Source
- location	Near Breyten
Mouth	Orange River
- location	Near Douglas
- elevation	1,241 m (4,072 ft)
- coordinates	29°4′15″S 23°38′10″E / 29.07083°S 23.63611°E / -29.07083; 23.63611Coordinates: 29°4′15″S 23°38′10″E / 29.07083°S 23.63611°E / -29.07083; 23.63611
Length	1,120 km (696 mi)
Basin	196,438 km2 (75,845 sq mi)
Discharge	for Orange River
- average	125 m3/s (4,414 cu ft/s)
Location of the Vaal River mouth

The Vaal River (pronounced /ˈfɑːl/ and alternatively /ˈvɑːl/, especially by English speakers) is the largest tributary of the Orange River in South Africa. The river has its source near Breyten in Mpumalanga province, east of Johannesburg and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Ermelo and only about 240 kilometres (150 mi) from the Indian Ocean. It then flows westwards to its conjunction with the Orange River southwest of Kimberley in the Northern Cape. It is 1,120 kilometres (700 mi) long, and forms the border between Mpumalanga, Gauteng and North West Province on its north bank, and the Free State on its south.

Some of its tributaries include the Harts River, Vals River, Waterval River, Bamboes Spruit, Blesbokspruit, Mooi River, Vet River, Renoster River, Riet River, Klip River and Wilge River.