Turki

The Turki language is a Türkic literary language active from the 13th to the 19th centuries, used by different (predominantly but not exclusively) Türkic peoples. The Turki language developed on the Karluk (Karluk-Khorezm languages) basis, which was a result of interaction of the Karakhanid language with the local Türkic languages (gradual replacement of d-type language with a j-type language). The Karakhanid Karluk language was adapted for a cycle of works in Khorezm, where it was enriched by Oguz and Kipchak elements and turned into one of the medieval Türkic languages. With the Turki were created Qutba's poem "Khosrow and Shirin" (1338), Khwarizmi "Muhabbat-name" (1353), Sutro Sarai "Gulistan bi-t-Türki" (1391), Mahmud al-Bukhari theological and didactic work "Nahj al faradis"(1358).

While there were several regional variations of the Turki, they were united by their commonality, predicated by

Regional variations of the Turki and Turkic linguistic areals under its influence:

A number of Turkic languages did not partake in the development of the Turki literary tradition, and were either unaffected by the common trends carried by the Turki, or affected only indirectly through the neighboring languages that were impacted by the Turki. The languages not affected directly were culturally separated from the Islamic influence by religious affiliations or geographical isolation. Among such nations were Chuvashes, Gagauzes, Hungarian Kipchaks, Bulgars, Szeklers, and other Hungarian Türkic subdivisions, western Tatars in Poland, Baltic states, Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, Siberian Türkic nations, modern Uigurs, nations that later formed Southern and Northern Altaians, and the Sakha people. The isolation of these people from the influence and innovations of the Turki facilitated preservation in their languages of the original forms and lexicons, now used for philological studies and comparative linguistics. The western European nations in the Christian sphere of influence were separated by religious and cultural barriers, and within the Christian sphere by different and frequently conflicting denominations and local linguistic barriers. The Siberian Türks from the beginning retained their independence from the Islamic influence, and largely preserved their Tengrian religion. The eastern Türkic nations fell under the influence of the Mongol Empire, and remained culturally affiliated with the Chingizid states after the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire.

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