Transcaspian
| Transcaspian Oblast Закаспийская область Zakaspiyskaya oblast' |
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| Oblast of Russia | |||||
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| Capital | Ashgabat | ||||
| History | |||||
| • | Russian Conquest | 1879 | |||
| • | Russian Revolution | 1917 | |||
| Today part of |
 Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Kazakhstan
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Transcaspian Oblast (Russian: Закаспийская область, Zakaspiyskaya oblast), or Transcaspia, was the section of Russian Empire and early Soviet Russia to the east of the Caspian Sea during the second half of the 19th century until 1924. It was bounded to the south by Iran's Khorasan Province and Afghanistan, to the north by the former Russian province of Uralsk, and to the northeast by the former Russian protectorates of Khiva and Bukhara. Area, 212,545 sq. miles. Part of Russian Turkestan, Transcaspian Oblast corresponds roughly to the territory of present-day Turkmenistan and southwestern of Kazakhstan.
The name of the oblast (literally, "Beyond Caspian") is explained by the fact that until the construction of the Trans-Aral Railway in the early 20th century the easiest way to reach this oblast from central Russia (or from Russian Transcaucasia) was across the Caspian Sea, by boat from Astrakhan or Baku.
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