Three Hundred Tang Poems
| Three Hundred Tang Poems | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 唐詩三百首 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 唐诗三百首 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Tángshī sānbǎi shǒu |
| Wade–Giles | T'ang-shih san-pai-shou |
| Yale Romanization | Tángshr̄ sānbái shǒu |
| IPA | [tʰǎŋʂɻ̩́ sánpǎi ʂòu] |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Tòhngsī sāambaak sáu |
| IPA | [tʰɔ̏ːŋɕíː sáːmpāːk sɐ̌u] |
| Jyutping | Tong4 si1 saam1 baak3 sau2 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Tông-si saⁿ-pah-chhiú |
The Three Hundred Tang Poems (simplified Chinese: 唐诗三百首; traditional Chinese: 唐詩三百首; pinyin: Tángshī sānbǎi shǒu) is an anthology of poems from the Chinese Tang Dynasty (618 - 907) first compiled around 1763 by Sun Zhu (1722-1778), the Qing Dynasty scholar, also known as Hengtang Tuishi (衡塘退士 "Retired Master of Hengtang"). Various later editions also exist. All editions contain over 300 poems: in this case, three hundred means not exactly 300 but refers to an estimative quantification; the ten, twenty, or more extra poems represent a sort of a good luck bonus, analogous to the "baker's dozen" in the West. Even more, the number 300 (or more exactly 305) was a classic number for a poetry collection due to the influence of the Classic of Poetry (Shijing 詩經), which was generally known as The Three Hundred Poems.
Dissatisfied with the anthology Poems by a Thousand Masters (Qianjiashi 千家詩) compiled by Liu Kezhuang in the late Southern Song, and influenced by Ming Dynasty poetry anthologies, Sun selected the poems based on their popularity and educational value. The collection has been popular ever since and can be found in many Chinese households. For centuries, elementary students memorized the poems and used them to learn to read and write. It contains poems by Du Fu, Li Bai, Wang Wei, Li Shangyin, Meng Haoran, Han Yu, Du Mu, Bai Juyi, Liu Changqing, Cen Shen, Wang Changling, Wei Yingwu, and more.Li He is one notable Tang poet absent from the compilation.
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