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Swedish Pommerania

Swedish Pomerania
Svenska Pommern
Schwedisch Pommern
Swedish Dominion
State of the Holy Roman Empire until 1806
1630–1815
Flag of Sweden Coat of arms
Swedish Pomerania (orange) within the Swedish Empire in 1658
Capital Stettin
(1630–1720)

Greifswald
(1720–1814)
Languages Low German/German,
Swedish
Religion Lutheranism
Government Principality
Duke
 •  1630–1632 Gustav II Adolf (first)
 •  1809–1814 Charles XIII (last)
Governor-General
 •  1633–1641 Sten Svantesson Bielke (first)
 •  1800–1809 Hans Henric von Essen (1755–1824) (last)
 •  1809–1814 Direct rule
History
 •  Treaty of Stettin 10 July 1630
 •  Peace of Westphalia 24 October 1648
 •  Treaty of Stettin 4 May 1653
 •  21 January 1720
 •  Treaty of Kiel
 - Congress of Vienna
14 January 1814
4/7 June 1815
 •  Hand-over to Prussia 23 October 1815
Preceded by
Succeeded by
POL księstwo pomorskie COA.svg Duchy of Pomerania
Province of Pomerania (1815–1945)

Swedish Pomerania (Swedish: Svenska Pommern; German: Schwedisch-Pommern) was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from 1630 to 1815, situated on what is now the Baltic coast of Germany and Poland. Following the Polish War and the Thirty Years' War, Sweden held extensive control over the lands on the southern Baltic coast, including Pomerania and parts of Livonia and Prussia (dominium maris baltici).

Sweden, present in Pomerania with a garrison at Stralsund since 1628, had gained effective control of the Duchy of Pomerania with the Treaty of Stettin in 1630. At the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 and the Treaty of Stettin in 1653, Sweden received Western Pomerania (German Vorpommern), with the islands of Rügen, Usedom, and Wolin, and a strip of Farther Pomerania (Hinterpommern). The peace treaties were negotiated while the Swedish queen Christina was a minor, and the Swedish Empire was governed by members of the high aristocracy. As a consequence, Pomerania was not annexed to Sweden like the French war gains, which would have meant abolition of serfdom, since the Pomeranian peasant laws of 1616 was practised there in its most severe form. Instead, it remained part of the Holy Roman Empire, making the Swedish rulers Reichsfürsten (imperial princes) and leaving the nobility in full charge of the rural areas and its inhabitants. While the Swedish Pomeranian nobles were subjected to reduction when the late 17th century kings regained political power, the provisions of the peace of Westphalia continued to prevent the pursuit of the uniformity policy in Pomerania until the Holy Roman empire was dissolved in 1806.


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