Silver chloride

Silver chloride

Names
IUPAC name Silver(I) chloride
Other names cerargyrite chlorargyrite horn silver
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-90-6 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:30341 Y
ChemSpider	22967 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.121
PubChem	24561
RTECS number	VW3563000
UNII	MWB0804EO7 Y
InChI InChI=1S/Ag.ClH/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Y Key: HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y InChI=1S/Ag.ClH/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Key: HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES Cl[Ag]
Properties
Chemical formula	AgCl
Molar mass	143.32 g·mol−1
Appearance	White Solid
Density	5.56 g cm−3
Melting point	455 °C (851 °F; 728 K)
Boiling point	1,547 °C (2,817 °F; 1,820 K)
Solubility in water	520 μg/100 g at 50 °C
Solubility	soluble in NH3, conc. HCl, conc. H2SO4, alkali cyanide, NH4CO3?, KBr, Na2S2O3; insoluble in alcohol, dilute acids.
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−49.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	2.071
Structure
Crystal structure	halite
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (So298)	96 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−127 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet	Fischer Scientific, Salt Lake Metals
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Related compounds
Other anions	silver(I) fluoride, silver bromide, silver iodide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

insoluble in alcohol, dilute acids.

Silver chloride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula AgCl. This white crystalline solid is well known for its low solubility in water (this behavior being reminiscent of the chlorides of Tl⁺ and Pb²⁺). Upon illumination or heating, silver chloride converts to silver (and chlorine), which is signaled by greyish or purplish coloration to some samples. AgCl occurs naturally as a mineral chlorargyrite.

Silver chloride is easily synthesized by combining aqueous solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chloride.

The solid adopts the fcc NaCl structure, in which each Ag⁺ ion is surrounded by an octahedron of six chloride ligands. AgF and AgBr crystallize similarly. However, the crystallography depends on the condition of crystallization, primarily free silver ion concentration, as is shown on the pictures left (greyish tint and metallic lustre are due to partly reduced silver). AgCl dissolves in solutions containing ligands such as chloride, cyanide, triphenylphosphine, thiosulfate, thiocyanate and ammonia. Silver chloride reacts with these ligands according to the following illustrative equations:

Silver chloride does not react with nitric acid. Most complexes derived from AgCl are two-, three-, and, in rare cases, four-coordinate, adopting linear, trigonal planar, and tetrahedral coordination geometries, respectively.