Russian Federation

Russian Federation Российская Федерация Rossijskaja Federacija
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem:  "Государственный гимн Российской Федерации" "Gosudarstvenný gimn Rossijskoj Federací"  (transliteration) "State Anthem of the Russian Federation"
Location of Russia (green) Russian-administered Crimea (disputed; light green)a
Capital and largest city	Moscow 55°45′N 37°37′E / 55.750°N 37.617°E / 55.750; 37.617
Official languages	Russian
Ethnic groups (2010)	81.0% Russian 3.7% Tatar 1.4% Ukrainian 1.1% Bashkir 1.0% Chuvash 0.8% Chechen 11.0% others / unspecified
Religion	See Religion in Russia
Demonym	Russian
Government	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic
• President	Vladimir Putin
• Prime Minister	Dmitry Medvedev
• Chairman of the Federation Council	Valentina Matviyenko
• Chairman of the State Duma	Vyacheslav Volodin
Legislature	Federal Assembly
• Upper house	Federation Council
• Lower house	State Duma
Formation
• Arrival of Rurik	862
• Kievan Rus'	882
• Grand Duchy	1283
• Tsardom	January 16, 1547
• Empire	October 22, 1721
• Republic	September 14, 1917
• Russian SFSR	November 6, 1917
• Soviet Union	December 30, 1922
• Sovereignty Declaration	June 12, 1990
• Russian Federation	December 25, 1991b
Area
• Total	17,075,200 km2 (6,592,800 sq mi) (1st)
• Water (%)	13 (including swamps)
Population
• 2016 estimate	144,221,341 (without Crimea) (9th)
• Density	8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (217th)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$3.685 trillion (6th)
• Per capita	$25,185 (53rd)
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$1.133 trillion (14th)
• Per capita	$7,742 (72nd)
Gini (2013)	40.1 medium · 83rd
HDI (2014)	0.798 high · 50th
Currency	Russian ruble (₽) (RUB)
Time zone	(UTC+2 to +12)
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+7
ISO 3166 code	RU
Internet TLD	.ru .su .рф
Website government.ru/en
The Crimean Peninsula is recognized as territory of Ukraine by a majority of UN member nations, but is de facto administered by Russia. The Belavezha Accords was signed in Brest, Belarus on December 8, creating the Commonwealth of Independent States in which the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR ratified the accords on December 12, denouncing the 1922 treaty. On December 25, Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation and the following the day on December 26, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union ratified the accords, effectively dissolving the Soviet Union.

Coordinates: 60°N 90°E / 60°N 90°E / 60; 90

Russia (ⁱ/ˈrʌʃə/; Russian: Росси́я, tr. Rossija; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijə]; from the Greek: Ρωσία — Rus'), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, tr. Rossijskaja Federacija; IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə]), is a country in Eurasia. At 17,075,200 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), Russia is the largest country in the world by surface area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 140 million people at the end of March 2016. The European western part of the country is much more populated and urbanised than the eastern, about 77% of the population live in European Russia. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world, other major urban centers include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and Samara.