Roman Mauretania
| Mauretania | |||||
| Tribal Berber kingdoms (3rd century BC-40 AD) Provinces of the Roman Empire (44 AD-431 AD) |
|||||
|
|||||
 Mauretania
|
|||||
| Capital |
Volubilis Iol / Caesarea |
||||
| Languages | Berber, Latin | ||||
| Religion | Roman paganism, local beliefs | ||||
| Political structure | Tribal Berber kingdoms (3rd century BC-40 AD) Provinces of the Roman Empire (44 AD-431 AD) |
||||
| King | |||||
| • | 110–80 BC | Bocchus I | |||
| • | 25 BC - 23 AD | Juba II | |||
| • | 23–40 AD | Ptolemy of Mauretania | |||
| Historical era | Classical Antiquity | ||||
| • | Established | before 200 BC | |||
| • | client state of the Roman Empire | 33 BC | |||
| • | Roman provinces | 44 AD | |||
| • | Vandal conquest | 430s | |||
| • | Roman reconquest | 533 | |||
| • | Muslim conquest of the Maghreb | 698 | |||
| Today part of |
 Algeria Morocco |
||||
Mauretania (also spelled Mauritania) is the Latin name for an area in the ancient Maghreb stretching from central Algeria westwards to the Atlantic, covering northern Morocco, and southward to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, seminomadic pastoralists of Berber ancestral stock, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli.
Beginning in 27 BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. In the late 3rd century, another province, Mauretania Sitifensis, was formed out of the eastern part of Caesariensis. When the Vandals arrived in Africa in 429, much of Mauretania became virtually independent. Christianity had spread rapidly there in the 4th and 5th centuries but was extinguished when the Arabs conquered the region in the 7th century.
Mauretania existed as a tribal kingdom of the Berber Mauri people. Mauri (Μαῦροι) is recorded as the native name by Strabo in the early 1st century. This appellation was also adopted into Latin, whereas the Greek name for the tribe was Maurusii (Μαυρούσιοι). The Mauri would later bequeath their name to the Moors on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa, from at least the 3rd century BC. The Mediterranean coast of Mauretania had commercial harbours for trade with Carthage since before the 4th century BC, but the interior was controlled by Berber tribes, who had established themselves in the region by the beginning of the Iron Age.
...
Wikipedia