Republic of Nepal

Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepali) Sanghiya Loktāntrik Ganatantra Nepāl
Flag Emblem
Motto: जननी जन्मभूमिश्च स्वर्गादपि गरीयसी (Sanskrit) Mother and Motherland are Greater than Heaven (English)
Anthem: सयौं थुँगा फूलका (Nepali) Made of Hundreds of Flowers (English)
Capital and largest city	Kathmandu 28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°E / 28.167; 84.250Coordinates: 28°10′N 84°15′E / 28.167°N 84.250°E / 28.167; 84.250
Official languages	Nepali
Recognised regional languages	Awadhi Bhojpuri Bajjika Doteli Gurung Kiranti Limbu Magar Maithili Newar Rai Sherpa Tamang Tharu Urdu
Ethnic groups (2011)	Ethnic demography 16.6% Chhetri 12.2% Bahun 7.1% Magar 6.6% Tharu 5.8% Tamang 5% Newar 4.8% Kami 4.4% Muslims 4% Yadav 2.3% Rai 2% Gurung 1.8% Damai/Dholi 1.6% Thakuri 1.5% Limbu 1.4% Sarki 1.4% Teli 1.3% Chamar/Harijan 1.2% Koiri/Kushwaha 19% Other
Religion	81.3% Hinduism 9% Buddhism 4.4% Islam 3% Kirant 1.4% Christianity 0.4% Animism 0.5% Irreligion
Demonym	Nepalese
Government	Federal parliamentary republic
• President	Bidhya Devi Bhandari
• Vice President	Nanda Kishor Pun
• Prime Minister	Khadga Prasad Oli
• Chief Justice	Deepak Raj Joshi (Acting)
• Assembly Chairman	Ganesh Prasad Timilsina
• House Speaker	Krishna Bahadur Mahara
Legislature	Federal Parliament
• Upper house	National Assembly
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Unification
• Kingdom declared	25 September 1768
• State declared	15 January 2007
• Republic declared	28 May 2008
Area
• Total	147,181 km2 (56,827 sq mi) (93rd)
• Water (%)	2.8
Population
• 2016 estimate	28,982,771 (48th)
• 2011 census	26,494,504
• Density	180/km2 (466.2/sq mi) (62nd)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$74.020 billion
• Per capita	$2,573
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$24.067 billion ((107th))
• Per capita	$837
Gini (2010)	32.8 medium
HDI (2016)	0.558 medium · 144th
Currency	Nepalese rupee (NPR)
Time zone	Nepal Standard Time (UTC+05:45)
	DST not observed
Drives on the	left
Calling code	+977
ISO 3166 code	NP
Internet TLD	.np .नेपाल

Nepal (/nəˈpɔːl/ ( listen);Nepali: नेपाल  Nepāl [neˈpal]), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (Nepali: सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल Sanghiya Loktāntrik Ganatantra Nepāl), is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes plains that extend to the northern India. With an estimated population of 26.4 million, it is 48th largest country by population and 93rd largest country by area. It borders China in the north and India in the south, east, and west while Bangladesh is located within only 27 km (17 mi) of its southeastern tip and Bhutan is separated from it by the Indian state of Sikkim. A Himalayan state, Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. Nepal is a multiethnic nation with Nepali as the official language.