Republic of Ecuador

Republic of Ecuador República del Ecuador  (Spanish)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto:  "Dios, patria y libertad" (Spanish) "Pro Deo, Patria et Libertate" (Latin) "God, homeland and freedom"
Anthem: Salve, Oh Patria  (Spanish) Hail, Oh Homeland
Capital	Quito 00°9′S 78°21′W / 0.150°S 78.350°W / -0.150; -78.350
Largest city	Guayaquil
Official languages	Spanish
Recognised regional languages	Kichwa (Quichua), Shuar and others "are in official use for indigenous peoples"
Ethnic groups ()	71.9% Mestizo 7.4% Montubio 7.2% Afroecuadorian 7% Amerindian 6.1% White 0.4% others
Demonym	Ecuadorian
Government	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
• President	Rafael Correa
• Vice President	Jorge Glas
Legislature	National Assembly
Independence
• Declared	August 10, 1809
• from Spain	May 24, 1822
• from Gran Colombia	May 13, 1830
• Recognized	February 16, 1840
• Current constitution	September 28, 2008
Area
• Total	283,560 km2 (109,480 sq mi)a (75th)
• Water (%)	5
Population
• 2015 estimate	16,144,000 (65th)
• 2010 census	14,483,499
• Density	58.95/km2 (152.7/sq mi) (151st)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$194.845 billion
• Per capita	$11,788
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$109.759 billion (64th)
• Per capita	$6,640
Gini (2014)	45.4 medium
HDI (2014)	0.732 high · 88th
Currency	United States dollarb (USD)
Time zone	ECT / GALT (UTC−5 / −6)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+593
ISO 3166 code	EC
Internet TLD	.ec
Including Galápagos. Sucre until 2000, replaced by the US$ and Ecuadorian centavo coins.

Largest cities of Ecuador
Guayaquil Quito Cuenca			City		Province	Population	Santo Domingo Machala
	1		Guayaquil		Guayas	2 710 915
	2		Quito		Pichincha	2 342 191
	3		Cuenca		Azuay	331 888
	4		Santo Domingo		Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas	305 632
	5		Machala		El Oro	241 606
	6		Durán		Guayas	235 769
	7		Portoviejo		Manabí	223 086
	8		Manta		Manabí	221 122
	9		Loja		Loja	180 617
	10		Ambato		Tungurahua	178 538

Coordinates: 2°00′S 77°30′W / 2.000°S 77.500°W / -2.000; -77.500

Ecuador (ⁱ/ˈɛkwədɔːr/ EK-wə-dor, Spanish: [ekwaˈðor]) (Quechua: Ikwadur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: Ikwadur Ripuwlika), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland.