Raymond Poincaré
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Raymond Poincaré GCLH |
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| 58th Prime Minister of France | |
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In office 23 July 1926 – 26 July 1929 |
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| President | Gaston Doumergue |
| Preceded by | Édouard Herriot |
| Succeeded by | Aristide Briand |
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In office 15 January 1922 – 1 June 1924 |
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| President | Alexandre Millerand |
| Preceded by | Aristide Briand |
| Succeeded by | Frédéric François-Marsal |
| Member of the Senate for Meuse |
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In office 21 February 1920 – 15 October 1934 |
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| Preceded by | Charles Humbert |
| Succeeded by | Arthur Mirouel |
| President of the French Republic | |
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In office 18 February 1913 – 18 February 1920 |
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| Prime Minister | |
| Preceded by | Armand Fallières |
| Succeeded by | Paul Deschanel |
| Member of the Académie française | |
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In office 18 March 1909 – 15 October 1934 |
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| Preceded by | Émile Gebhart |
| Succeeded by | Jacques Bainville |
| Minister of Finances | |
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In office 14 March 1906 – 25 October 1906 |
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| Prime Minister | Ferdinand Sarrien |
| Preceded by | Pierre Merlou |
| Succeeded by | Joseph Caillaux |
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In office 30 May 1894 – 26 January 1895 |
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| Prime Minister | Charles Dupuy |
| Preceded by | Auguste Burdeau |
| Succeeded by | Alexandre Ribot |
| Minister of Public Education, Fine Arts and Cults | |
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In office 26 January 1895 – 1 November 1895 |
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| Prime Minister | Alexandre Ribot |
| Preceded by | Georges Leygues |
| Succeeded by | Émile Combes |
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In office 4 April 1893 – 3 December 1893 |
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| Prime Minister | Charles Dupuy |
| Preceded by | Charles Dupuy |
| Succeeded by | Eugène Spuller |
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Member of the Chamber of Deputies for Meuse |
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In office 21 June 1887 – 20 January 1920 |
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| Preceded by | Henri Liouville |
| Succeeded by | René Grosdidier |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincaré 20 August 1860 Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, French Empire |
| Died | 15 October 1934 (aged 74) Paris, France |
| Political party |
National Republican Association (1887–1901) Democratic Alliance (1901–1934) |
| Spouse(s) | Henriette Benucci (m. 1913; his d. 1934) |
| Alma mater |
University of Paris, University of Nancy |
| Profession | Journalist, lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincaré (French pronunciation: [ʁɛmɔ̃ pwɛ̃kaʁe]; 20 August 1860 – 15 October 1934) was a French statesman who served three times as Prime Minister of France, and as President of France from 1913 to 1920. He was a conservative leader, primarily committed to political and social stability.
Trained in law, Poincaré was elected as a Deputy in 1887 and served in the cabinets of Dupuy and Ribot. In 1902, he co-founded the Democratic Republican Alliance, the most important center-right party under the Third Republic, becoming Prime Minister in 1912 and President in 1913. He was noted for his strongly anti-German attitudes, and twice visited Russia to maintain strategic ties. At the Paris Peace Conference, he favoured re-occupation of the Rhineland, which he was able to carry out in 1923 as Prime Minister.
Born in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, France, Raymond Poincaré was the son of Nicolas Antonin Hélène Poincaré, a distinguished civil servant and meteorologist. Raymond was also the cousin of Henri Poincaré, the famous mathematician. Educated at the University of Paris, Raymond was called to the Paris bar, and was for some time law editor of the Voltaire. Extremely ambitious and hard-working with a ferocious desire to be the best at everything he did, he become at the age of 20 the youngest lawyer in France . and was apointed Secrétaire de la conférence du barreau de Paris. As a lawyer, he successfully defended Jules Verne in a libel suit presented against the famous author by the chemist Eugène Turpin, inventor of the explosive melinite, who claimed that the "mad scientist" character in Verne's book Facing the Flag was based on him. At the age of 26, Poincaré was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, making him the youngest deputy in the entire chamber.
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