Joseph Caillaux
| Joseph Caillaux | |
|---|---|
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| 57th Prime Minister of France | |
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In office 27 June 1911 – 11 January 1912 |
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| Preceded by | Ernest Monis |
| Succeeded by | Raymond Poincaré |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Joseph-Marie–Auguste Caillaux 30 March 1863 |
| Died | 22 November 1944 (aged 81) |
| Political party | Radical Party |
Joseph-Marie–Auguste Caillaux (French pronunciation: [ʒɔzɛf kajo]; 30 March 1863 Le Mans – 22 November 1944 Mamers) was a French politician of the Third Republic. He was a leader of the French Radical party and minister of finance, but his progressive views in opposition to the military alienated him from conservative elements. He was accused of corruption, but was cleared by a parliamentary commission. This political weakness strengthened the right wing elements in the radical party.
After studying law and following lectures at the École des Sciences Politiques, he entered the civil service in 1888 as an inspector of finance, and spent most of his official career in Algiers. Standing as a Republican candidate in the elections of 1898 for the department of the Sarthe, in opposition to the Duc de la Rochefoucault-Bisaccia, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies by 12,929 votes to 11,737. He became Minister of Finance in the Waldeck-Rousseau Cabinet, and after its fall it was not until the Clemenceau Ministry of 1906 that he returned to office, once more with the portfolio of Finance.
In 1911 he became prime minister. The leader of the Radicals, he favored a policy of conciliation with Germany during his premiership from 1911 to 1912, which led to the maintenance of the peace during the Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911. He and his ministers were forced to resign on 11 January 1912, after it was revealed that he had secretly negotiated with Germany without the knowledge of President Armand Fallières.
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