Qiao Shi
| Qiao Shi | |
|---|---|
| 乔石 | |
Qiao Shi in 1994
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| 6th Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress | |
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In office 27 March 1993 – 15 March 1998 |
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| Preceded by | Wan Li |
| Succeeded by | Li Peng |
| Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection | |
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In office October 1987 – October 1992 |
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| Preceded by |
Chen Yun (first secretary) |
| Succeeded by | Wei Jianxing |
| Director of the General Office of the Communist Party of China | |
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In office June 1983 – April 1984 |
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| General Secretary | Hu Yaobang |
| Preceded by | Hu Qili |
| Succeeded by | Wang Zhaoguo |
| Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission | |
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In office 1985–1992 |
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| Preceded by | Chen Pixian |
| Succeeded by | Ren Jianxin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 24 December 1924 Shanghai, China |
| Died | June 14, 2015 (aged 90) Beijing, China |
| Political party | Communist Party of China |
| Spouse(s) | Yu Wen (m. 1952; d. 2013) |
| Children | 2 sons and 2 daughters |
| Qiao Shi | |||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 喬石 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 乔石 | ||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Qiáo Shí |
| Wade–Giles | Ch'iao Shih |
| IPA | [tɕʰjɑʊ˧˥ ʂɨ˧˥] |
Qiao Shi (December 1924 – 14 June 2015) was a Chinese politician and one of the top leaders of the Communist Party of China. He was a member of the party's top decision-making body, the Politburo Standing Committee, from 1987 to 1997. He was a contender for the paramount leadership of China, but lost out to his political rival Jiang Zemin, who assumed General Secretary of the party in 1989. Qiao Shi instead served as Chairman of the National People's Congress, the third-ranked political position, from 1993 until his retirement in 1998. Compared with his peers, including Jiang Zemin, Qiao Shi adopted a more liberal stance in political and economic policy, promoting the rule of law and market-oriented reform of state-owned enterprises.
Qiao Shi was born Jiang Zhitong (蔣志彤; Jiǎng Zhìtóng) in December 1924 in Shanghai. His father was from Dinghai, Zhejiang province and worked as an accountant in Shanghai. His mother was a worker at Shanghai No. 1 Textile Mill. He studied literature at East China Associated University, but did not graduate. He adopted the nom de guerre Jiang Qiaoshi after becoming involved with underground revolutionary activities when he was sixteen years old, as was common practice at the time for young aspiring Communists. He eventually dropped the surname Jiang altogether and simply went by "Qiao Shi". He joined the Communist Party of China in August 1940, and became involved with the anti-Kuomintang student movement in his youth. His specialty was intelligence and security.
After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, Qiao Shi served as a leader of the Communist Youth League in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province until 1954. From 1954 to 1962, he worked at Anshan Iron and Steel Company in Northeast China, and then Jiuquan Iron and Steel Company in Gansu, Northwest China.
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