Portugal was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 by Vânia Fernandes with the song "Senhora do mar (Negras águas)", being the forty-second Portuguese appearance at the yearly contest.

Fernandes was selected by the national public broadcaster Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP) as a result of her victory at the Festival da Canção 2008, the Portuguese national final, held on 9 March 2008, at the Teatro Camões, in Lisbon. Ten acts entered the competition to represent the country at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 in Belgrade, Serbia, with the winner being selected through SMS and televoting.

The Portuguese song, composed by Andrej Babić and Carlos Coelho, was performed last in the second semi-final on 22 May. It received a total of 120 points, coming second out of 19 competing countries and thus qualifying Portugal to the final, for the first time since the semi-final format was introduced in 2004. Performing 13th in the running order, Portugal received a total of 69 points and placed 13th in a field of 25 countries.

After Eurovision, Fernandes remained involved with Eurovision, attending the 2008 convention of the Luxembourgish brand of OGAE, a Eurovision fanclub.

Portugal has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 41 times since its debut entry in 1964. It achieved its best result in 1996, when Lúcia Moniz came sixth with "O meu coração não tem cor", getting the maximum 12 points a country can give from both Cyprus and Norway and receiving 92 points in total. Portugal's least successful entries have been in 1964, 1974 and 1997 when Portugal placed last.

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