Philippine Revolution of 1896

Philippine Revolution
Himagsikang Pilipino

Clockwise from top left: Surviving Spanish troops on Barcelona after the Siege of Baler, Capture of a Filipino revolutionary leader by Spanish troops, The Malolos Congress, Monument depicting the Battle of Imus, Filipino negotiators for the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, Filipino soldiers during the near end of the Revolution.

Date

19 August 1896–13 August 1898

Location

Philippines

Result

Filipino victory

Signing of Pact of Biak-na-Bato (1897).
Resumption of hostilities during Spanish–American War (1898).
Expulsion of the Spanish colonial government.
Establishment of the First Philippine Republic.
Outbreak of the Philippine–American War (1899).

Belligerents

1896-1897
Sovereign Tagalog Nation

Katipunan

1897
Republic of Biak-na-Bato

Philippine Revolutionary Army

1896-1897
Kingdom of Spain

Spanish Philippines

1898
Filipino Revolutionaries

Philippine Revolutionary Army

Naval support:

United States

1898
Kingdom of Spain

Commanders and leaders

President:
Andrés Bonifacio
(1896-1897)
Emilio Aguinaldo
(1897-1898)
Early Leaders:
(until 1897)
Emilio Jacinto
Gregoria de Jesús
Julio Nakpil
Macario Sakay
Mariano Alvarez
Later Leaders:
(until 1898)
Santiago Alvarez
Baldomero Aguinaldo
Miguel Malvar
Artemio Ricarte
Tomás Mascardo
Aniceto Lacson

George Dewey

Wesley Merritt

Regent:

Maria Christina
Governor-Generals:

Ramón Blanco
(1896)

Camilo de Polavieja
(1896-1897)

Fernando Primo de Rivera,
(1897-1898)

Basilio Augustín
(1898)

Fermin Jáudenes
(1898)

Diego de los Ríos
(1898)
Other Leaders:

José Olaguer Feliú

Ernesto de Aguirre †

Bernardo Echaluce

José de Lachambre
Leopoldo García Peña

Nicholas Jaramillo

Strength

40,000-60,000 (1896) Filipino Revolutionaries

12,700-17,700 before the Revolution, around 55,000 (30,000 Spanish; 25,000 Filipino Loyalist) by 1898

Casualties and losses

Heavy, Official casualties are unknown.

Katipunan
Background
Participant at the Philippine Revolution
Flag of the Katipunan, 1892
Events	Various revolts and uprisings
Factions	See Factions Magdiwang (Noveleta) Magdalo (Kawit) Haligue (Imus) Gargano (Bakood) Mapagtiis (General Trias) Magwagi (Naic) Pangwagi (Tanza) Walang-tinag (Indang) Katuwa-tuwa (Ternate) Magtagumpay (Maragondon) Naghapay (Bailen)
Key organizations	Propaganda Movement La Liga Filipina
Objects	Noli Me Tángere El filibusterismo La Solidaridad
Organization
Leaders	Andrés Bonifacio Emilio Aguinaldo Ladislao Diwa Gregoria de Jesús Teodoro Plata Deodato Arellano Valentín Díaz José Dizon Pio del Pilar
Members	Melchora Aquino Pío Valenzuela Emilio Jacinto Gregorio del Pilar Mariano Noriel Teresa Magbanua Paciano Rizal Artemio Ricarte Daniel Tirona José Santiago Manuel Tinio León Kilat Arcadio Maxilom others