Paul Xu
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Xu Guangqi 徐光啓 Servant of God |
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Portrait of Xu Guangqi.
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| Born |
April 24, 1562 Shanghai, Songjiang, Southern Zhili, China |
| Died | November 8, 1633 (aged 71) Beijing, Shuntian, Northern Zhili, China |
| Resting place | Guangqi Park, Xujiahui, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China |
| Residence | Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Other names | Paul Xu |
| Citizenship | Ming Dynasty |
| Education | Jinshi Degree (1604) |
| Occupation | scholar-official (Minister of Rites and Grand Secretary) |
| Employer | Ming imperial court (under the Wanli, Taichang, Tianqi and Chongzhen Emperors) |
| Home town | Shanghai |
| Spouse(s) | Wu |
| Children | Xu Ji (徐驥) |
| Parent(s) | Xu Sicheng (徐思誠), father |
| Relatives |
Candida Xu (granddaughter) (Xu Zhun) (Xu Maheux) |
| Xu Guangqi | |||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xú Guāngqǐ |
| Wade–Giles | Hsü Kuang-ch‘i |
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| Third alternative Chinese name | |||||||||
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| Literal meaning | Paulus | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Zǐxiān |
| Wade–Giles | Tzu-hsien |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xuánhù |
| Wade–Giles | Hsüan-hu |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Bǎolù |
| Wade–Giles | Pao-lu |
Candida Xu (granddaughter) (Xu Zhun)
Xu Guangqi (April 24, 1562 – November 8, 1633), also known by his baptismal name Paul, was a Chinese scholar-bureaucrat, Catholic convert, agricultural scientist, astronomer, and mathematician under the Ming Dynasty. Xu was a colleague and collaborator of the Italian Jesuits Matteo Ricci and Sabatino de Ursis and assisted their translation of several classic Western texts into Chinese, including part of Euclid's Elements. He was also the author of the Nong Zheng Quan Shu, a treatise on agriculture. He was one of the "Three Pillars of Chinese Catholicism". His current title is Servant of God.
Xu Guangqi is the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Xu's Chinese name. It was formerly written Hsü Kuang-ch‘i using the Wade–Giles system. His courtesy name was Zixian and his penname was Xuanhu. In the Jesuits' records, it is the last which is used as his Chinese name, in the form "Siù Hsven Hú".
At his conversion, he adopted the baptismal name Paul (Latin: Paulus). In Chinese, its transcription is employed as a kind of courtesy name (i.e., Xu Baolu) and the Jesuits sometimes referred to him as "Siù Pao Lò" or Ciù Paulus. More often, however, they describe him as "Doctor Paul" (Latin: Doctor Paulus;Portuguese: Doutor Paulo), "Our Paul" (Latin: noster Paulus), or "Paul Siu" or "Ciu".
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Wikipedia