Oscar F. Bartlett (October 2, 1823 - November 1911) was an American teacher, farm laborer and physician from Cayuga County, New York who served as a Free Soil member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and later as a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Senate, while living in East Troy, Walworth County, Wisconsin.
Born October 2, 1823 in Victory, New York, one of ten children of Rev. John Milton Bartlett (a former Baptist who joined the Disciples of Christ) and Hannah (Earl) Bartlett. He studied in the local schools, doing well enough that he soon became a teacher himself in the village of Cato, a profession he would practice for ten years. He sustained himself as a farm laborer and teacher, and at the age of fifteen also began to study medicine in the office of a local physician.
In 1842, Bartlett moved to Wisconsin, working first as a farm laborer in Delavan, then teaching in Racine and working as a retail clerk in a general store, before moving on to East Troy. He taught school there for some time; then resumed his medical studies by attending lectures at Rush Medical College in Chicago and continuing his medical apprenticeship with a Chicago physician. He then went into medical practice in East Troy.