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Nurhachi

Nurhaci
清 佚名 《清太祖天命皇帝朝服像》.jpg
Khan of the Later Jin dynasty
Reign 17 February 1616 – 30 September 1626
Predecessor None
(dynasty established)
Successor Hong Taiji
1st Emperor of the Qing dynasty
Predecessor None
(awarded posthumously)
Successor Hong Taiji
Born 21 February 1559
Died 30 September 1626(1626-09-30) (aged 67)
Ningyuan, Manchuria
Spouse Consort Yuan
Consort Ji
Empress Xiaocigao
Empress Xiaoliewu
Grand Consort Shoukang
Lady Irgen-Gioro
Lady Yehenara
Lady Joogiya
Lady Niohuru
Lady Silin-Gioro
Lady Giyamuhut-Gioro
Lady Irgen-Gioro
Ajigen
Deyinze
Issue Cuyen
Daišan
Abai
Tangguldai
Manggūltai
Tabai
Abatai
Hong Taiji
Babutai
Degelei
Babuhai
Ajige
Laimbu
Dorgon
Dodo
Fiyanggu
Princess Dongguo
Princess Nunje
Mangguji
Mukushen
four other daughters
Full name
Chinese: Aixin-Jueluo Nǔ'ěrhāchì 努爾哈赤
Manchu: ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ ᡥᠠᠯᠠ ‍ᡳ ᠨᡠᡵᡤᠠᠴᡳ
Aisin Gioro hala-i Nurgaci
Aisin Giuro hala-i Nurgaqi
Mongolian: ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡᠲᠦ
Тэнгэрийн сүлдэт
Era name and dates
Tianming (天命; Abkai fulingga): 1616–1626
Posthumous name
Chéngtiān Guǎngyùn Shèngdé Shéngōng Zhàojì Lìjí Rénxiào Ruìwǔ Duānyì Qīn'ān Hóngwén Dìngyè Gāo Huángdì
承天廣運聖德神功肇紀立極仁孝睿武端毅欽安弘文定業高皇帝
Manchu: Dergi hūwangdi
House Aisin Gioro
Father Taksi
Mother Lady Hitara
Full name
Chinese: Aixin-Jueluo Nǔ'ěrhāchì 努爾哈赤
Manchu: ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ ᡥᠠᠯᠠ ‍ᡳ ᠨᡠᡵᡤᠠᠴᡳ
Aisin Gioro hala-i Nurgaci
Aisin Giuro hala-i Nurgaqi
Mongolian: ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡᠲᠦ
Тэнгэрийн сүлдэт
Era name and dates
Tianming (天命; Abkai fulingga): 1616–1626
Posthumous name
Chéngtiān Guǎngyùn Shèngdé Shéngōng Zhàojì Lìjí Rénxiào Ruìwǔ Duānyì Qīn'ān Hóngwén Dìngyè Gāo Huángdì
承天廣運聖德神功肇紀立極仁孝睿武端毅欽安弘文定業高皇帝
Manchu: Dergi hūwangdi

Nurhaci (Manchu: ᠨᡠᡵᡤᠠᠴᡳ; Möllendorff: Nurgaci; Abkai: Nurgaqi; simplified Chinese: 努尔哈赤; traditional Chinese: 努爾哈赤; pinyin: Nǔ'ěrhāchì; alternatively Nurhachi; 21 February 1559 – 30 September 1626) was a Jurchen chieftain who rose to prominence in the late 16th century in Manchuria. Nurhaci was part of the Aisin Gioro clan, and reigned from 1616 to his death in September 1626.

Nurhaci reorganised and united various Jurchen tribes (the later "Manchu"), consolidated the Eight Banners military system, and eventually launched attacks on Ming China and Joseon Korea. His conquest of Ming China's northeastern Liaoning province laid the groundwork for the conquest of the rest of China by his descendants, who founded the Qing dynasty in 1644. He is also generally credited with ordering the creation of a new written script for the Manchu language based on the Mongolian vertical script.


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