North China Transportation Company
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A bus of the North China Transportation Company
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Native name
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華北交通株式会社 |
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Romanized name
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Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè |
| Kabushiki kaisha | |
| Industry | Railway, Transportation |
| Founded | 1938 |
| Defunct | 1945 |
| Headquarters | Beijing, Provisional Republic of China |
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Area served
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east-central China |
| Services | Railway transport, Bus transport |
| Total equity | 50 million yen |
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Number of employees
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110,000 |
The North China Transportation Company (華北交通株式会社, Japanese: Kahoku Kōtsū Kabushiki Kaisha, Chinese: Huáběi Jiāotōng Zhūshì Huìshè) was a transportation company in the territory of the collaborationist Provisional Government of the Republic of China during the Japanese occupation.
After Japan occupied a large part of northern China during the Sino-Japanese War, it set up a puppet government known as the Provisional Government of the Republic of China. In 1938, the Provisional Government nationalised the various railway and bus companies in its jurisdiction, after which the South Manchuria Railway set up a subsidiary, called the North China Transportation Company, to operate the railways and bus services within the Provisional Government's territory. With its headquarters in Beijing, the NCTC at its peak employed 110,000 people, of which 70% were Chinese. The company was liquidated in 1945 following Japan's defeat in the Pacific War, and the railways were taken over by the China Railway.
Amongst the railway companies that were nationalised were:
Locomotives of the North China Transportation Company used the same classification system used by the South Manchuria Railway between 1938 and 1945.
The North China Transportation Company ran a number of long-distance trains, both within China and in conjunction with the South Manchuria Railway and the Chosen Government Railway. Notable trains include the "Tairiku" ("Continental") and "Kōa" limited express trains between Beijing and Busan, Korea. The "Tairiku" entered service in 1938, making the trip from Busan to Beijing in 37.5 hours in 1940; the train was discontinued in 1944. The observation car used on this train is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum. The "Kōa" was put into operation in 1939, making the same trip in 39.5 hours in 1940, but by 1945 the trip took 49 hours. The "Kōa" was discontinued after the Japanese defeat in the Pacific War.
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