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Norfolk Island Government

Territory of Norfolk Island
Teratri a' Norf'k Ailen (Norfuk)
Motto: "Inasmuch"
Anthem: "God Save the Queen"(official)
"Pitcairn Anthem"
Location of Norfolk Island
Status External Territory
Capital Kingston
29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.03°S 167.95°E / -29.03; 167.95
Largest city Burnt Pine
Official languages English
Norfuk
Demonym Norfolk Islander
Sovereign state Australia
Government part of Australia
• Monarch
Elizabeth II
Eric Hutchinson
Establishment
• Separation from Colony of Tasmania
1 November 1856
• Transfer of Territory from UK to Australia
1 July 1914
Area
• Total
34.6 km2 (13.4 sq mi) (227th)
• Water (%)
negligible
Population
• July 2014 estimate
2,210 (231)
• Density
61.9/km2 (160.3/sq mi)
HDI (2008) 0.958
very high
Currency Australian dollar (AUD)
Time zone NFT (Norfolk Island Time) (UTC+11:00)
Drives on the left
Calling code 672
ISO 3166 code NF
Internet TLD .nf

Norfolk Island (/ˈnɔːrfək/; Norfuk: Norf'k Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia. Together with two neighbouring islands, it forms one of Australia's external territories. It has 1,796 inhabitants living on a total area of about 35 km2 (14 sq mi). Its capital is Kingston.

Norfolk Island was first settled by East Polynesians but was long unpopulated when it was eventually also settled by Great Britain as part of its settlement of Australia from 1788. The island served as a convict penal settlement from 6 March 1788 until 5 May 1855, except for an 11-year hiatus between 15 February 1814 and 6 June 1825, when it lay abandoned. On 8 June 1856, permanent civilian residence on the island began when it was settled from Pitcairn Island. In 1914 the UK handed Norfolk Island over to Australia to administer as an external territory.

The evergreen Norfolk Island pine is a symbol of the island and thus pictured on its flag. Native to the island, the pine is a key export for Norfolk Island, being a popular ornamental tree on mainland Australia, where two related species grow, and also worldwide.


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