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New Mexico chile

New Mexico chile
Hatch green chile.jpg
Genus Capsicum
Species Capsicum annuum
Marketing names Hatch chile, green chile, red chile, Anaheim pepper
Breeder Fabian Garcia
Origin New Mexico
Heat Hot
Scoville scale 0–70,000 SHU
Anaheim pepper
Heat Low
Scoville scale 500–2,500 SHU
Half cup of hot green chile peppers
Nutritional value per 75 grams
Energy 30 kJ (7.2 kcal)
7.1 g
Sugars 3.82 g
Dietary fiber 1.1 g
0.15 g
Saturated 0.016 g
Monounsaturated 0.008 g
Polyunsaturated 0.082g
1.5 g
Vitamins
Vitamin A equiv.
(111%)
884 μg
(5%)
503 μg
544 μg
Thiamine (B1)
(6%)
0.068 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(6%)
0.068 mg
Niacin (B3)
(5%)
0.712 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(1%)
0.046 mg
Vitamin B6
(16%)
0.209 mg
Folate (B9)
(4%)
17 μg
Vitamin C
(219%)
181.9 mg
Vitamin E
(3%)
0.52 mg
Vitamin K
(10%)
10.7 μg
Minerals
Calcium
(1%)
14 mg
Iron
(7%)
0.9 mg
Magnesium
(5%)
19 mg
Phosphorus
(5%)
35 mg
Potassium
(5%)
255 mg
Sodium
(0%)
5 mg
Zinc
(2%)
0.22 mg
Other constituents
Water 65.8 g

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.

New Mexico chile (or New Mexican chile) is a group of cultivars of the chile pepper, initially developed by pioneer horticulturist, Dr. Fabián Garcia, at New Mexico State University in 1894, then known as Las Cruces College and the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Selective breeding began with 14 lineages of 'Pasilla', 'Colorado', and 'Negro' cultivars, from across New Mexico and Southern Colorado's old Hispano and Pueblo communities. These peppers were selected to have a "larger smoother, fleshier, more tapering and shoulderless pod for canning purposes." The first cultivar of this group was released in 1913, called 'New Mexico No. 9'. The New Mexico chile peppers are popular in the cuisine of the Southwestern United States and in the broader Mexican cuisine, and an integral staple of New Mexican cuisine.

Chile grown in the Hatch Valley, in and around Hatch, New Mexico, is called Hatch chile, but no one type of chile is specific to that area, which is smaller than the acreage used to produce chiles with the "Hatch" label. The peppers grown in the valley, and along the entire Rio Grande, from northern Taos Pueblo to southern Isleta Pueblo, are a signature crop to New Mexico's economy and culture. The chile pepper is New Mexico's state vegetable, and the official New Mexico state question is "Red or Green?".

The New Mexico green chile pepper flavor has been described as lightly pungent similar to an onion, or like garlic with a subtly sweet, spicy, crisp, and smoky taste. The ripened red retains the flavor, but adds an earthiness and bite while aging mellows the front-heat and delivers more of a back-heat. The spiciness depends on the variety of New Mexico chile peppers.


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