Neguderi

The Qara'unas or Negüderi were a Mongol people that settled in Afghanistan.

The word Qarauna derived from Mongolian word Kara meaning black in Turkish. At first they were subjects of the Great Khan and served as tamnas or tamachis in Afghanistan. The Great Khan appointed their leaders from non-Chingisid generals such as Dayir and Mungudei. In 1238, they settled near India to face military forces of the Delhi Sultanate. In the 1250s their leader was Sali Noyan who was a of Tatar origin. Möngke Khan ordered Sali Noyan and his tamna soldiers to join Hulegu's army in 1253. In 1260, Jochid Baval, the father of Nogai Khan, was executed by the order of Hulegu Khan after taking permission from Berke who was the khan of the Golden Horde. Soon after that, Kuli and Tutar, also Golden Horde princes, died under suspicious circumstances. Golden Horde soldiers, who served Hulgeu, feared for their lives and began to move to the Kipchak Steppes via Derbent and other remnants went through Syria to Egypt. Angered, Hulegu punished many soldiers of the Golden Horde for the defeat of Ain Jalut. The Mongol general Baiju was executed as well. To the east, the flight of Jochid troops into Afghanistan in significant numbers led to the creation of the Negudari (Nikudari) Mongols or Qaraunas in 1262. Berke ordered general Neguder to raid the eastern part of the Ilkhanate. Sometimes, historians call Qara'unas the Neguderis. This term was derived from the name of Negudar.

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