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Myanmar (Burma)

Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Pyidaunzu Thanmăda Myăma Nainngandaw
State name in burmese letters
Flag of Myanmar
Coat of arms of Myanmar
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: 
Location of  Myanmar  (green)in ASEAN  (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
Location of  Myanmar  (green)

in ASEAN  (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Location of Myanmar
Capital Naypyidaw
19°45′N 96°6′E / 19.750°N 96.100°E / 19.750; 96.100
Largest city Yangon (Rangoon)
Official languages Burmese
Recognised regional languages
Official script Burmese script
Ethnic groups ()
Religion Theravāda Buddhism
Demonym Burmese/Myanma
Government Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Htin Kyaw
Aung San Suu Kyi
Myint Swe
Henry Van Thio
Legislature Assembly of the Union
House of Nationalities
House of Representatives
Formation
23 December 849
16 October 1510
29 February 1752
4 January 1948
2 March 1962
30 March 2011
Area
• Total
676,578 km2 (261,228 sq mi) (40th)
• Water (%)
3.06
Population
• 2014 census
51,486,253 (25th)
• Density
76/km2 (196.8/sq mi) (125th)
GDP (PPP) 2016 estimate
• Total
$311.074 billion (54th)
• Per capita
$5,953 (129th)
GDP (nominal) 2016 estimate
• Total
68.277 billion (73rd)
• Per capita
$1,306 (152nd)
HDI (2014) Increase 0.536
low · 148th
Currency Kyat (K) (MMK)
Time zone MMT (UTC+06:30)
Drives on the right
Calling code +95
ISO 3166 code MM
Internet TLD .mm

in ASEAN  (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

Myanmar (Burmese pronunciation: [mjəmà]), officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in South East Asia bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. About one third of Myanmar's total perimeter of 5,876 km (3,651 miles), forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930 km (1,200 miles) along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. The country's 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected, with 51 million people recorded. Myanmar is 676,578 square kilometres (261,227 sq mi) in size. Its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city and former capital city is Yangon (Rangoon).

Early civilizations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Mainland Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British conquered Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony. Myanmar became an independent nation in 1948, initially as a democratic nation and then, following a coup d'état in 1962, a military dictatorship.


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