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Merwari language

Marwari
मारवाड़ी
Native to India
Migrant communities in Pakistan and Nepal
Region Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana, Sindh
Native speakers
 22 million (2001 census – 2007)
Census results conflate some speakers with Hindi.
2 million counted for Dhundari here; 30 million total Marwari if Dhundari is 9.6 million (see Dhundari)
Indo-European
Devanagari, Perso-Arabic
Language codes
ISO 639-2 mwr
ISO 639-3 – inclusive code
Individual codes:
 – Dhundari
 – Marwari (India)
 – Marwari (Pakistan)
 – Merwari
 – Mewari
 – Shekhawati
 – Harauti
 – Goaria
 – Gurgula
Glottolog None
raja1256  scattered in Rajasthani

Marwari (Mārwāṛī; also rendered Marwadi, Marvadi) is a Rajasthani language spoken in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Marwari is also found in the neighboring state of Gujarat and Haryana and in Eastern Pakistan. With some 20 million or so speakers (ca. 2001), it is one of the largest varieties of Rajasthani. Most speakers live in Rajasthan, with a quarter million in Sindh and a tenth that number in Nepal. There are two dozen dialects of Marwari.

Marwari is popularly written in Devanagari script, as is Hindi, Marathi, Nepali and Sanskrit; although it was historically written in Mahajani. Marwari currently has no official status as a language of education and government. There has been a push in the recent past for the national government to recognize this language and give it a scheduled status. The state of Rajasthan recognizes Rajasthani as a language.

In Pakistan, there are two varieties of Marwari. They may or may not be close enough to Indian Marwari to be considered the same language. Marwari speakers are concentrated in Sindh. In Pakistan, Marwari is generally written using a modified version of the Arabic Alphabet.

Marwari is still spoken widely in and around Bikaner. There are ongoing efforts to identify and classify this language cluster and the language differences.

It is said that Marwari and Gujarati evolved from Gujjar Bhakha or Maru-Gurjar, language of the Gurjars. Formal grammar of Rajasthani was written by Jain monk and eminent Gujarati scholar Hemachandra Suri.


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