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Melaka (state)

Malacca
Melaka
State
Negeri Melaka
Flag of Malacca
Flag
Coat of arms of Malacca
Coat of arms
Motto: "Bersatu Teguh" (Firmly United)
Anthem:
Melaka Maju Jaya (Successful Malacca)
Map showing the location of the state of Malacca within Malaysia
   Malacca in    Malaysia
Coordinates: 2°12′N 102°15′E / 2.200°N 102.250°E / 2.200; 102.250Coordinates: 2°12′N 102°15′E / 2.200°N 102.250°E / 2.200; 102.250
Capital Malacca City
Government
 • Yang di-Pertua Negeri Mohd Khalil Yaakob
 • Chief Minister Idris Haron (UMNO)
Area
 • Total 1,664 km2 (642 sq mi)
Population (2015)
 • Total 872,900
Demonym(s) Malaccan
HDI
 • 2010 0.742 (high) (4th)
Postal code 75xxx to 78xxx
Calling code 06
Vehicle registration M
Malacca Sultanate 15th century
Portuguese control 24 August 1511
Dutch control 22 January 1753
British control 17 March 1645
Japanese occupation 15 January 1942
Accession into the Federation of Malaya 1948
Independence as part of the Federation of Malaya 31 August 1957
Website www.melaka.gov.my
Timeline
Incorporated into Date
Malacca Sultanate approx. 1400
Portuguese Empire 1511
Dutch Empire 1641
British Empire 1879
Straits Settlements 1826
Crown Colony 1867
Japanese occupation 15 February 1942
Malayan Union 1 April 1946
Federation of Malaya 31 January 1948
Malaysia 16 September 1963

Malacca (Malay: Melaka; Tamil: மலாக்கா, Chinese: 马六甲), dubbed "The Historic State", is a state in Malaysia and located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Strait of Malacca.

The state is bordered by Negeri Sembilan to the north and west and Johor to the south. The exclave of Tanjung Tuan also borders Negeri Sembilan to the north. Its capital is Malacca City, which is 148 kilometres (92 miles) south east of Malaysia's capital city Kuala Lumpur, 235 kilometres (146 miles) north west of Johor's largest city Johor Bahru, and 95 km (59 miles) north west of Johor's second largest city, Batu Pahat. This historical city centre has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008.

Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, the local monarchy was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511. The head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a Sultan.

Before the arrival of the first Sultan, Malacca was a fishing village inhabited by local Malays known as Orang Laut. Malacca was founded by Parameswara, also known as Iskandar Shah or Sri Majara, the last Raja of Temasek (present day Singapore) following a Majapahit attack in 1377. He found his way to Malacca around 1400 where he found a good port—it was accessible in all seasons and on the strategically located narrowest point of the Malacca Straits.


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