Wernher von Braun | |
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Von Braun in 1960
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Born |
Wernher Magnus Maximilian, Freiherr von Braun March 23, 1912 Wirsitz (today Wyrzysk), Posen Province, Prussia, Germany (today Poland) |
Died | June 16, 1977 Alexandria, Virginia, US |
(aged 65)
Resting place | Ivy Hill Cemetery (Alexandria, Virginia) |
Citizenship | Germany, United States (after 1955) |
Alma mater | Technical University of Berlin |
Occupation | Rocket engineer and designer, aerospace project manager |
Spouse(s) | Maria Luise von Quistorp (m. 1947–1977) |
Children | three |
Parent(s) |
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Awards |
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Military career | |
Allegiance | Nazi Germany |
Service/ |
SS |
Years of service | 1937–45 |
Rank | SS-Sturmbannführer (major) |
Awards |
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Other work | Rocket engineer, NASA, Chief Architect of the Saturn V rocket of the Apollo manned lunar missions, engineering program manager |
Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (March 23, 1912 – June 16, 1977) was a German, later American, aerospace engineer, and space architect. He was the leading figure in the development of rocket technology in Germany and the father of rocket technology and space science in the United States.
In his twenties and early thirties, von Braun worked in Nazi Germany's rocket development program. He helped design and develop the V-2 rocket at Peenemünde during World War II. Following the war, von Braun was secretly moved to the United States, along with about 1,600 other German scientists, engineers, and technicians, as part of Operation Paperclip. He worked for the United States Army on an intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) program and he developed the rockets that launched the United States' first space satellite Explorer 1. His group was assimilated into NASA, where he served as director of the newly formed Marshall Space Flight Center and as the chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle, the superbooster that propelled the Apollo spacecraft to the Moon. In 1975, von Braun received the National Medal of Science. He advocated for a human mission to Mars.
Wernher von Braun was born on March 23, 1912 in the small town of Wirsitz, in the Posen Province, in what was then the German Empire. He was the second of three sons. He belonged to a noble Lutheran family and from birth he held the title of Freiherr (equivalent to Baron). The German nobility's legal privileges were abolished in 1919, although noble titles could still be used as part of the family name.