Man Chong
| Man Chong | |
|---|---|
| Official of Cao Wei | |
| Born | (Unknown) |
| Died | 242 |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 滿寵 |
| Simplified Chinese | 满宠 |
| Pinyin | Mǎn Chǒng |
| Wade–Giles | Man3 Ch'ung3 |
| Courtesy name | Boning (Chinese: 伯寧; pinyin: Bóníng; Wade–Giles: Po2-ning2) |
| Posthumous name | Marquis Jing (Chinese: 景侯; pinyin: Jǐng Hóu; Wade–Giles: Ching Hou) |
Man Chong (died 242),courtesy name Boning, was an official of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period.
A native of Changyi, Shanyang (present-day Juye County, Shandong), Man Chong became a strategist under the warlord Cao Cao. In Luo Guanzhong's historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Man Chong was an old friend of Xu Huang, and when Cao Cao battled with Yang Feng (whom Xu Huang served), he was sent to convince Xu to defect to Cao Cao's side. Later, Man Chong became governor of Runan, and helped Cao Ren defend Fancheng (present-day Fancheng District, Xiangyang, Hubei) against Guan Yu at the Battle of Fancheng in 219, acting as an advisor to Cao Ren.
Historically, Man Chong convinced Cao Ren to not withdraw by indicating that the flood was only temporary and would not last long. Man Chong also noted that Guan Yu's vanguard had already advanced to Jia (郏), yet his main force dared not follow, because he was afraid of being cut off from the behind and attacked from both sides. In 228, Man Chong participated in an unsuccessful three-way invasion on the state of Eastern Wu. Man Chong was also credited with the suggestion to build a new castle at a strategic location far away from the sea on Hefei, as to minimize the advantage of the Wu navy. In 231, Sun Quan leaked word that he was going to attack Hefei. In order to defend it, Man Chong summoned reinforcements from Yu and Yan, gathering a large army. Sun Quan’s army arrived but retreated before attacking, supposedly intimidated by the large defending army. The reinforcements were going to be dismissed, but one Xu Xuan suggested that Sun Quan’s first attack had just been a feint and that he would return once the reinforcements were gone. On his advice, Man Chong did not dismiss his reinforcements. Sun Quan did indeed return 10 days later and assault the city, but because he still had a very large army, Man Chong easily repelled the attack.
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