Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)

Mamluk Dynasty
1206–1290
The Delhi Mamluk Dynasty
Capital		Delhi
Languages		Persian (official)
Religion		Sunni Islam
Government		Sultanate
Sultan
•	1206–1210	Qutb ud-Din Aibak
•	1287–1290	Muiz ud din Qaiqabad
History
•	Established	1206
•	Disestablished	1290
Preceded by Succeeded by Chauhan Tomara dynasty Ghurid Sultanate Sena Empire Khilji dynasty
Today part of		India

The Mamluk Dynasty (sometimes referred as Slave Dynasty or Ghulam Dynasty) (Persian: سلطنت مملوک‎‎), (Urdu: غلام خاندان‎) was directed into Northern India by Qutb ud-Din Aibak, a Turkic general from Central Asia. The Mamluk Dynasty ruled from 1206 to 1290; it was the first of five unrelated dynasties to rule as the Delhi Sultanate till 1526. Aibak's tenure as a Ghurid dynasty administrator lasted from 1192 to 1206, a period during which he led invasions into the Gangetic heartland of India and established control over some of the new areas.

The Mamluk, literally meaning owned, was a soldier of slave origin who had converted to Islam. The phenomenon started in the 9th century and gradually the Mamluks became a powerful military caste in various Muslim societies. Mamluks held political and military power most notably in Egypt, but also in the Levant, Iraq, and India.

In 1206, Muhammad of Ghor, Sultan of the Ghurid Empire was assassinated. Since he had no children, his empire split into minor sultanates led by his former mamluk generals. Taj-ud-Din Yildoz became the ruler of Ghazni. Mohammad Bin Bakhtiyar Khilji got Bengal. Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha became the sultan of Multan. Qutb ud-Din Aibak became the sultan of Delhi, and that was the beginning of the Slave dynasty.