Malaga (Spanish Congress Electoral District)
| Málaga | |
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Congress of Deputies Electoral Constituency |
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Location of Málaga within Spain
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| Province | Málaga |
| Autonomous community | Andalusia |
| Population | 1,628,973 (2016) |
| Electorate | 1,163,657 (2016) |
| Major settlements | Málaga, Marbella, Vélez-Málaga, Mijas, Fuengirola, Torremolinos, Benalmádena, Estepona |
| Current constituency | |
| Created | 1977 |
| Seats | 8 (1977–1986) 9 (1986–1989) 10 (1989–2015) 11 (2015–) |
| Member(s) | |
Málaga is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects 11 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Málaga. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of 3 percent.
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies, with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado). 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of 3 percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Additionally, the use of the D'Hondt method may result in an effective threshold over three percent, depending on the district magnitude. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 allocated among the constituencies in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.
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