Madison, Wisconsin
| Madison, Wisconsin | |||
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| City and State Capital | |||
| Madison, Wisconsin | |||
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| Nickname(s): Madtown, Mad City, "The City of Four Lakes" | |||
 Location in Dane County and the state of Wisconsin |
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 Madison, Wisconsin
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| Coordinates: 43°4′N 89°24′W / 43.067°N 89.400°WCoordinates: 43°4′N 89°24′W / 43.067°N 89.400°W | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Wisconsin | ||
| County | Dane | ||
| Municipality | City | ||
| Platted | October 9, 1839 | ||
| Incorporated | 1848 | ||
| Named for | James Madison | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Paul Soglin (D) | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 94.03 sq mi (243.54 km2) | ||
| • Land | 76.79 sq mi (198.89 km2) | ||
| • Water | 17.24 sq mi (44.65 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 873 ft (226 m) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • City | 233,209 | ||
| • Estimate (2015) | 248,951 | ||
| • Rank | US: 84th | ||
| • Density | 3,037.0/sq mi (1,172.6/km2) | ||
| • Urban | 401,661 1 (US: 92nd) | ||
| • Metro | 641,385 (US: 85th) | ||
| • Demonym | Madisonian | ||
| Time zone | Central (UTC−6) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC−5) | ||
| Area code(s) | 608 | ||
| Website | www |
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| 1 Urban = 2010 Census | |||
Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. As of July 1, 2015, Madison's estimated population of 248,951 made it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee, and the 84th largest in the United States. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Dane County and neighboring Iowa, Green, and Columbia counties. The Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area's 2010 population was 568,593.
Madison's origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge James Duane Doty purchased over a thousand acres (4 km²) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. When the Wisconsin Territory was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in Belmont, Wisconsin. One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering buffalo robes to the freezing legislators and promising choice Madison lots at discount prices to undecided voters. He had James Slaughter plat two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day Middleton.
Doty named the city Madison for James Madison, the fourth President of the U.S. who had died on June 28, 1836 and he named the streets for the other 39 signers of the U.S. Constitution. Although the city existed only on paper, the territorial legislature voted on November 28 in favor of Madison as its capital, largely because of its location halfway between the new and growing cities around Milwaukee in the east and the long established strategic post of Prairie du Chien in the west, and between the highly populated lead mining regions in the southwest and Wisconsin's oldest city, Green Bay in the northeast. Being named for the much-admired founding father James Madison, who had just died, and having streets named for each of the 39 signers of the Constitution, may have also helped attract votes.
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