Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada
| Luis José de Orbegoso | |
|---|---|
Portrait by José Gil de Castro
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| 11th and 12th President of Peru | |
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In office April 34, 1834 – February 23, 1835 |
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| Preceded by | Pedro Pablo Bermúdez |
| Succeeded by | Felipe Santiago Salaverry |
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In office December 21, 1833 – January 4, 1834 |
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| Preceded by | Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro |
| Succeeded by | Pedro Pablo Bermúdez |
| 1st President of North Peru | |
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In office 21 August, 1837 – 30 July, 1838 |
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| Preceded by | (Republic created) |
| Succeeded by | José de la Riva Agüero |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 25, 1795 Chuquizongo, Huamachuco |
| Died | February 5, 1847 (aged 51) Trujillo, Peru |
| Nationality | Peruvian |
| Profession | Soldier |
Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada-Galindo, de Burutarán y Morales 5th conde de Olmos (August 25, 1795 – February 5, 1847), an aristocratic Peruvian soldier and politician, served as the 11th and 12th President of Peru as well as the first President of North Peru. This was a time of profound social instability and continuing civil war which led his government to coexist with that of Pedro Pablo Bermúdez, and later with Felipe Santiago Salaverry.
Orbegoso was born in Chuquizongo, Huamachuco, in 1799. His parents were Justo de Orbegoso y Burutarán and Francisca Moncada-Galindo y Morales, 4th countess of Olmos. He participated with José de San Martín in the war for independence and in the war against Gran Colombia during the government of José de La Mar. After the collapse of Agustín Gamarra's first government, Orbegoso was elected president in 1833, winning over Pedro Pablo Bermúdez, whom Gamarra had preferred as his successor.
During his government, he suffered the enmity of Gamarra, who while in exile had supported Bermúdez in his eventual presidency. Orbegoso had also to deal with the young Felipe Santiago Salaverry, who overthrew him 1835. Orbegoso, however, did not lose the support of southern Peru and, with the support of then President of Bolivia, Andrés de Santa Cruz, he regained his leadership throughout the country and executed Salaverry. In retribution to the support he received from Santa Cruz, he acceded to form the new Peru-Bolivian Confederacy. Santa Cruz assumed the "Supreme Protectorship" of the confederation and Orbegoso maintained only the presidency of the Republic of North Peru.
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