King of the Hejaz

The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz
المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāzyah Al-Hāshimīyah
1916–1925
Flag Coat of arms
Kingdom of Hejaz (green) and present Hejaz region (red) on the Arabian Peninsula.
Capital		Mecca
Languages		Arabic
Religion		Sunni Islam
Government		Absolute monarchy
King
•	1916–1924	Hussein bin Ali
•	1924–1925	Ali bin Hussein
Historical era		World War 1 Interwar period
•	Kingdom established	10 June 1916
•	Recognized	10 August 1920
•	Conquered by Nejd	19 December 1925
•	Ibn Saud crowned King of Hejaz	8 January 1926
Area
•	1920	250,000 km2 (97,000 sq mi)
Population
•	1920 est.	850,000
Density		3/km2 (9/sq mi)
Preceded by Succeeded by Hejaz Vilayet Kingdom of Hejaz and Sultanate of Nejd Emirate of Transjordan

The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (Arabic: المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية‎, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāzyah Al-Hāshimīyah) was a state in the Hejaz region in the Middle East ruled by the Hashemite dynasty. It achieved national independence after the destruction of the Ottoman Empire by the British Empire, during World War I, when the Sharif of Mecca fought in alliance with the British Imperial forces to drive the Turkish Army from the Arabian Peninsula during the Arab Revolt.

The new kingdom had a brief life and then was conquered in 1925 by the neighbouring Sultanate of Nejd under a resurgent House of Saud, creating the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.

On 23 September 1932, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd joined the Saudi dominions of Al-Hasa and Qatif, as the unified Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

In their capacity as Caliphs the Sultans of the Ottoman Empire would appoint an official known as the Sharif of Mecca. The role went to a member of the Hashemite family, but the Sultans typically used Hashemite inter-familial rivalry to pick and choose from among contenders and so ensure that the Sharif remained weak.