Ali of Hejaz
| Ali bin Hussein | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| King of Hejaz | |
| Reign | 3 October 1924 – 19 December 1925 |
| Predecessor | Hussein bin Ali |
| Successor | None Monarchy abolished Ibn Saud (as King of Hejaz) |
| Sharif of Mecca | |
| Reign | 1924 – 1925 |
| Predecessor | Hussein bin Ali |
| Successor | None Sharifate abolished |
| Born | 1879 Mecca, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | February 13, 1935 (aged 55–56) Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq |
| Burial | Royal Mausoleum, Adhamiyah |
| Spouse | Nafissa Khanum |
| Issue |
HRH Princess Abdiya HRH Princess Aliya HRH Crown Prince Abd al-Ilah HRH Princess Badia HRH Princess Jalila |
| House | Hashemite |
| Father | Hussein bin Ali |
| Mother | Abdiya bin Abdullah |
| Religion | Sunni Islam |
Ali bin Hussein, GBE (Arabic: علي بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī al-Hāshimī; 1879–1935) was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until he was deposed by Ibn Saud in December 1925. He was the eldest son of Sharif Hussein bin Ali, the first modern King of Hejaz, and a scion of the Hashemite family. With the passing of the kingship from his father he also became the heir to the title of Caliph, but he did not adopt the khalifal office and style.
The eldest son of Hussein, Ali bin Hussein was born in Mecca and was educated at Ghalata Serai College (Galatasaray High School) in Istanbul (Constantinople). His father was appointed Grand Sharif of Mecca by the Ottoman Empire in 1908. However, his relationship with the Young Turks in control of the Empire increasingly became strained, and, in 1916, he became one of the leaders of the Arab Revolt against Turkish rule. Following the Revolt's success, Hussein made himself the first King of Hejaz with British support. While Hussein's sons Abdullah and Faisal were made kings of Jordan and Iraq, respectively, Ali remained the heir to his father's lands in Arabia.
King Hussein soon found himself embroiled in fighting with the House of Saud, based in Riyadh. Following military defeats by Abdulaziz ibn Saud, King Hussein abdicated all of his secular titles to Ali on 3 October 1924. (Hussein had previously awarded himself the religious title of Caliph in March of that year.)
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