Hussein bin Ali
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Husayn ibn Ali Imam of Muslims |
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| Native name | الحسين ابن علي |
| Born |
10 January 626 (3 Sha'aban AH 4) Al-Medinah, Al-Hijaz |
| Died | 10 October 680 (aged 54) (10 Muharram AH 61) Karbala’, Umayyad Empire (now in Al-‘Iraq) |
| Cause of death | Martyrdom in the Battle of Karbala’ |
| Resting place | His Shrine at Karbala’, Karbala Governorate, Iraq 32°36′59″N 44°1′56.29″E / 32.61639°N 44.0323028°E |
| Residence | Al-Medinah, Al-Hejaz |
| Known for | The Battle of Karbala’, being a grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, Shi‘ite Imam |
| Title |
List
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| Term | AD 670–680 |
| Predecessor | (As Shi‘ite Imam) Al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali |
| Successor | (As Shi‘ite Imam) ‘Ali Zayn al-‘Abidin |
| Opponent(s) | Yazid ibn Mu‘awiyah |
| Spouse(s) |
Shahr Banu bint Yazdegerd III (last Sassanid Emperor of Persia) Umme Rubāb Umme Laylā Umm Ishaq bint Talhah |
| Children |
List
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| Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī | |
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Shiism: Imam; Proof of God, The Martyr of Martyrs, Master of the Martyrs All Islam: Ahl al-Bayt, Ṣaḥābī, Martyr; Master of the Youths of Paradise |
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| Venerated in | All Islam (Salafis honor rather than venerate him). |
| Major shrine | Imam Husayn Shrine, Karbala, Iraq |
Al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: الحسين ابن علي ابن أبي طالب; 10 January 626 – 10 October 680) (5 Sha'aban AH 4 (in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar) – 10 Muharram AH 61) (His name also spelled as "Husain", "Hussain" or "Hussein"), was the grandson of the Islamic Nabi (Arabic: نَـبِي, Prophet) Muhammad, and the son of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (the fourth Rashid caliph of Sunni Islam, and first Shi‘ite Imam) and Fatimah the daughter of Muhammad. He is an important figure in Islam, as he was a member of the Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic: بـيـت, Household) of Muhammad and Ahl al-Kisa’ (Arabic: أهـل الـكـسـاء, People of the Cloak), as well as being the third Shi‘ite Imam.
Al-Husayn became the Imam of Shi‘ites after the death of his older brother, Al-Hasan, in 670 ACE (50 AH). His father's supporters (Arabic: شـيـعـة عـلي, Shi‘at ‘Ali) in Al-Kufah gave their allegiance to him. However, he told them he was still bound to the peace treaty between Al-Hasan and Muawiyah I and they should wait until Mu‘awiyah's death. Later, Al-Husain did not accept the request of Mu‘awiyah for the succession of his son, Yazid I, and considered this action a breach of the Hasan–Muawiya treaty.
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