Saudi conquest of Hejaz

Part of Unification of Saudi Arabia

Date	September 1924-December 1925
Location	Kingdom of Hejaz
Result	Sultanate of Nejd Victory

Belligerents

Sultanate of Nejd

Ikhwan

Kingdom of Hejaz

Commanders and leaders

Nawras Pasha

Strength

5,000 men

500 men
8 Aircraft

Casualties and losses

Unknown

Unknown number of deaths
5 armored vehicles destroyed
1 airplane shot down

Total: 450 dead

Sultanate of Nejd

The Saudi conquest of Hejaz or the Second Saudi-Hashemite War was a campaign engaged by Saudi Sultan Abdulaziz Ibn Saud to take over the Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz in 1924-1925, ending with conquest and incorporation of Hejaz into the Saudi domain.

The 1924 campaign came within the scope of the historic conflict between the Hashemites of Hejaz and the Saudis of Riyadh (Nejd), which had already sparked the First Saudi-Hashemite War in 1919.

The pretext for renewed hostilities between Nejd and Hejaz came when the pilgrims from Nejd were denied access to the holy places in Hejaz. On August 29, 1924, Ibn-Saud began his military campaign against Hejaz by advancing towards Taif, which surrendered without a major struggle. Following the fall of Taif, the Saudi forces and the allied Ikhwan tribesmen moved on Mecca. Sharif Hussein’s request for British assistance was denied to him on the pretext of non-intervention in religious disputes.King Hussein bin Ali had meanwhile fled from Mecca to Jeddah, after the assistance request from King Abdullah of Transjordan was denied as well. The city of Mecca fell without struggle on October 13, 1924. The Islamic Conference, held in Riyadh on the 29th October 1924, brought a wide Islamic recognition of Ibn-Saud’s jurisdiction over Mecca.

With the advancement of the Saudi forces and blockade imposed on Jeddah, the Hejazi army began to disintegrate. The city of Medina surrendered on December 12, 1925, and Yanbu fell 12 days later.Jeddah was handed to Sultan Abdulaziz of Nejd and Saudi forces on December 1925, with the Saudi forces entering its gates on January 8, 1926, after capitulation and safe passage was negotiated between King bin Ali, Sultan Abdulaziz, and the British Consul by the city's ruler Sheikh Abdullah Alireza.

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