Khosrovidukht (sister of Tiridates III of Armenia)

This article is about Khosrovidukht, the Armenian Princess of the Arsacid dynasty who lived in the 3rd century and 4th century. For the Armenian Poet who lived in the 8th century, see Khosrovidukht.

Khosrovidukht also known as Xosroviduxt (Armenian: Խոսրովիդուխտ, flourished second half of 3rd century & first half of 4th century) was a Princess of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, one of the client-kingdoms of the Roman Empire while being an eponymous branch of the Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. She is regarded as a prominent figure in Armenian society and is a significant figure in Christianity in Armenia.

Khosrovidukht was the known daughter of King Khosrov II of Armenia by an unnamed mother and her known sibling was her brother was Tiridates III of Armenia who ruled Armenia from 287-330. The name Khosrovidukht was a dynastic name in the Arsacid royal house as she was the namesake of her father and her paternal great-grandfather Khosrov I, a previous ruling Armenian King.

She was born in an unknown city in Armenia. In 252, her father and the remainder of her family were assassinated by Anak a Parthian agent under the orders of King Ardashir I. After the capture and execution of Anak, in order to protect and preserve the Armenian sovereignty the Roman authorities took her brother as an infant to be raised and reared in Rome, while Khosrovidukht was taken to be raised in Caesarea Mazaca, Cappadocia. The foster parents of Khosrovidukht were Awtay a nobleman from the family of the Amatunik and Awtay’s wife a noblewoman whose name is unknown was from the family of the Slkunik.

In the year 287, Tiridates III was restored to the Armenian throne by the Roman emperor Diocletian, which the country was previously ruled by the Parthian Kings and later by the Sassanids Kings who were expelled from Armenia by her brother and his army. After her brother became Armenian King, Khosrovidukht returned to the country with her foster family to be with her brother. At some date during his reign, Tiridates III erected at Garni for his sister, a summer residence ornamented with columns and magnificent bas-reliefs, the commemorative inscription was in Greek. The inscription reveals that the work was not done by Armenian hands.

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