Ardashir I

Ardashir I
Shahanshah of Iran
Coin of Ardashir I.
Reign	224–242 AD
Successor	Shapur I
Born	180 AD Tiruda, Estakhr, Pars
Died	February 242 AD (aged 62)
Spouse	Lady Myrōd
House	House of Sasan
Father	Papak
Mother	Rodhak

Ardashir I or Ardeshir I (Middle Persian:, New Persian: اردشیر بابکان, Ardashir-e Bābakān), also known as Ardashir the Unifier (180–242 AD), was the founder of the Sasanian Empire. After defeating the last Parthian shahnshah, Artabanus V, in the Hormozdgān plain on 224, he overthrew the Parthian dynasty and established the Sasanian dynasty. Afterwards, Ardashir called himself "shahanshah" and began conquering the land that he called Iran.

There are various historical reports about Ardashir's lineage and ancestry. According to Al-Tabari's report, Ardashir was son of Papak, son of Sasan. Another narrative that exists in Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan and Ferdowsi's Shahnameh also states it says that Ardashir was born from the marriage of Sasan, a descendant of Darius III, with the daughter of Papak, a local governor in Persia State.

According to Al-Tabari's report, Ardashir was born in the outskirts of Istakhr, Persia. Al-Tabari adds that Ardashir was sent to the lord of Fort Darabgard when he was seven years old. After the lord's death, Ardashir succeeded him and became the commander of Fort Darabgard. Al-Tabari continues that afterward, Papak overthrew the local Persian shah named Gochihr and appointed his son, Shapur, instead of him. According to Al-Tabari's report, Shapur and his father, Papak, suddenly died and Ardashir became the ruler of Persia. Tension rose between Ardashir and the Parthian empire and eventually in April 28, 224, Ardashir faced the army of Artabanus V in the Hormozdgān plain and Artabanus, the Parthian shahanshah, was killed during the battle.