Jueju
| Jueju | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 絕句 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 绝句 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "cut-off lines" | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | juéjù |
| Wade–Giles | chüeh2-chü4 |
| IPA | [tɕy̯ětɕŷ] |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | jyuht-geui |
| Jyutping | zyut6-geoi3 |
| Southern Min | |
| Tâi-lô | tsua̍t-kù |
Jueju (Chinese: 絕句), or Chinese quatrain, is a type of jintishi ("modern form poetry") that grew popular among Chinese poets in the Tang Dynasty (618–907), although traceable to earlier origins. Jueju poems are always quatrains; or, more specifically, a matched pair of couplets, with each line consisting of five or seven syllables.
The five-syllable form is called wujue (Chinese: 五絕; pinyin: Wŭjué) and the seven-syllable form qijue (Chinese: 七絕; pinyin: Qījué).
The origins of the jueju style are uncertain.Fränkel states that it arose from the yuefu form in the fifth or sixth century. This pentasyllabic song form, dominant in the Six Dynasties period, may have carried over into shi composition and thus created a hybrid of the yuefu quatrain and shi quatrain. Indeed, many Tang dynasty wujue poems were inspired by these yuefu songs.
In the seventh century the jueju developed into its modern form, as one of the three "modern" verse forms, or jintishi, the other two types of jintishi being the lüshi and the pailu.
The jueju style was very popular during the Tang dynasty. Many authors composing jueju poems at the time followed the concept of "seeing the big within the small" (Chinese: 小中見大; pinyin: Xiăozhōng jiàndà), and thus wrote on topics of a grand scale; philosophy, religion, emotions, history, vast landscapes and more.
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