John Adams

John Adams
2nd President of the United States
In office March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801
Vice President	Thomas Jefferson
Preceded by	George Washington
Succeeded by	Thomas Jefferson
1st Vice President of the United States
In office April 21, 1789 – March 4, 1797
President	George Washington
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Thomas Jefferson
United States Minister to the Court of St. James's
In office April 1, 1785 – March 30, 1788
Appointed by	Congress of the Confederation
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Thomas Pinckney
United States Minister to the Netherlands
In office April 19, 1782 – March 30, 1788
Appointed by	Congress of the Confederation
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Charles W. F. Dumas (Acting)
United States Envoy to France
In office April 1, 1778 – June 17, 1779 Serving with Benjamin Franklin, Arthur Lee
Appointed by	Second Continental Congress
Preceded by	Silas Deane
Succeeded by	Benjamin Franklin (Sole minister)
Delegate to the Second Continental Congress from Massachusetts
In office May 10, 1775 – June 27, 1778
Preceded by	Inaugural holder
Succeeded by	Samuel Holten
Delegate to the First Continental Congress from Massachusetts Bay
In office September 5, 1774 – October 26, 1774
Preceded by	Inaugural holder
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Personal details
Born	(1735-10-30)October 30, 1735 Braintree, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America (now Quincy, Massachusetts, U.S.),
Died	July 4, 1826(1826-07-04) (aged 90) Quincy, Massachusetts, United States
Resting place	United First Parish Church Quincy, Massachusetts
Political party	Federalist
Spouse(s)	Abigail Smith (m. 1764; d. 1818)
Children	Abigail, John Quincy, Susanna, Charles, Thomas, and Elizabeth
Alma mater	Harvard College
Signature

The Adams Cabinet
Office	Name	Term
President	John Adams	1797–1801
Vice President	Thomas Jefferson	1797–1801
Secretary of State	Timothy Pickering	1797–1800
	John Marshall	1800–1801
Secretary of Treasury	Oliver Wolcott, Jr.	1797–1801
	Samuel Dexter	1801
Secretary of War	James McHenry	1796–1800
	Samuel Dexter	1800–1801
Attorney General	Charles Lee	1797–1801
Secretary of the Navy	Benjamin Stoddert	1798–1801

Supreme Court Appointments by President Adams
Position	Name	Term
Chief Justice	John Jay	1800 (declined)
	John Marshall	1801–1835
Associate Justice	Bushrod Washington	1799–1829
	Alfred Moore	1800–1804

John Adams (October 30 [O.S. October 19] 1735 – July 4, 1826) was an American patriot who served as the second President of the United States (1797–1801) and the first Vice President (1789–97). He was a lawyer, diplomat, statesman, political theorist, and, as a Founding Father, a leader of the movement for American independence from Great Britain. He was also a dedicated diarist and correspondent, particularly with his wife and closest advisor Abigail.

He collaborated with his cousin, revolutionary leader Samuel Adams, but he established his own prominence prior to the American Revolution. After the Boston Massacre, he provided a successful (though unpopular) legal defense of the accused British soldiers, in the face of severe local anti-British sentiment and driven by his devotion to the right to counsel and the "protect[ion] of innocence". Adams was a delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress, where he played a leading role in persuading Congress to declare independence. He assisted Thomas Jefferson in drafting the Declaration of Independence in 1776, and was its foremost advocate in the Congress. As a diplomat in Europe, he helped negotiate the eventual peace treaty with Great Britain, and acquired vital governmental loans from Amsterdam bankers. Adams was the primary author of the Massachusetts Constitution in 1780 which influenced American political theory, as did his earlier Thoughts on Government (1776).

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