Hurricane Cesar–Douglas
| Category 4 major hurricane (SSHWS/NWS) | |
Hurricane Douglas near peak intensity on August 1
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| Formed | July 24, 1996 |
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| Dissipated | August 6, 1996 |
| Highest winds |
1-minute sustained: 130 mph (215 km/h) |
| Lowest pressure | 946 mbar (hPa); 27.94 inHg |
| Fatalities | 113 deaths, 29 missing (all as Cesar) |
| Damage | $203 million (1996 USD) |
| Areas affected | Windward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, Leeward Antilles, Venezuela, Colombia (as Cesar) Mexico, Socorro Island (as Douglas) Central America (as both) |
| Part of the 1996 Atlantic hurricane season and 1996 Pacific hurricane season | |
Hurricane Cesar–Douglas was the most recent tropical cyclone to survive the crossover from the Atlantic to east Pacific basin until Hurricane Otto in 2016, and was also the last tropical cyclone to receive two names upon doing so. Cesar was the third named storm and second hurricane of the 1996 Atlantic hurricane season. The system formed in the southern Caribbean Sea and affected several countries in South America before crossing Nicaragua and entering the eastern Pacific where it was renamed Douglas. The storm killed 113 people in Central and South America and left 29 others missing, mainly due to flooding and mudslides.
The origins of Hurricane Cesar were from a tropical wave and an elongated area of low pressure that emerged into the Atlantic from the west coast of Africa on July 17. For several days, the wave moved westward without any organization, although an anticyclone aloft provided conditions favorable for development. On July 22, convection, or thunderstorms, increased along the wave as it approached the southern Windward Islands. Surface pressure steadily dropped as the system moved through the Lesser Antilles, and a circulation began developing near Trinidad and Tobago. Based on surface and satellite data, it is estimated the system developed into Tropical Depression Three at 1800 UTC on July 24 near Isla Margarita, off the north coast of Venezuela. Operationally, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) did not consider it as a tropical depression until 18 hours later.
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