Huang Yanpei
| Huang Yanpei | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 黃炎培 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 黄炎培 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Huáng Yánpéi |
| Wade–Giles | Huang Yen-pe'i |
Huang Yanpei (Chinese: 黃炎培; pinyin: Huáng Yánpéi; 1 October 1878 – 21 December 1965) was a Chinese educator, industrialist, politician, and a founding pioneer of the China Democratic League.
Huang was born in Neishidi, Chuansha, Jiangsu (now part of Pudong, Shanghai) during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor in the late Qing dynasty. His mother died when he was 13 and his father died when he was 17, so he lived with his maternal grandfather, who gave him a traditional Chinese education. In his young age, he studied at Dongye School (東野學堂) and read the Four Books and Five Classics. Before he reached adulthood, he worked as an informal teacher in his hometown to support his family. In 1899, he topped the imperial examination in Songjiang Prefecture and obtained the position of a xiucai (秀才).
Huang's uncle sponsored him to read Western studies. In 1901, he was enrolled in Nanyang Public School (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University), where he met Cai Yuanpei, who was teaching the Chinese language there. A year later, Huang obtained a juren (舉人) position in the imperial examination in Jiangnan. Later, he left school with his mates in protest against the expulsion of some of his fellow students, who were expelled for allegedly showing disrespect towards a teacher by leaving an empty ink bottle on the teacher's desk — an act interpreted as mocking the teacher because it suggested that teacher was unlearned (ink metaphorically referred to knowledge). Huang returned to Chuansha, where he established a Chuansha Primary School (川沙小學) for children. During this time, he read Yan Fu's Tian Yan Lun (天演論) — a translation of Thomas Henry Huxley's Evolution and Ethics — and other books on Western ideas.
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