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Hasmonean kingdom

Hasmonean Kingdom
ממלכת החשמונאים
Mamlekheth haHash'mona'im
Seleucid Empire vassal (140–110)
Kingdom (110–63 BCE, 40–37 BCE)
Client state of the Roman Republic (63–40 BCE)
140 BCE–37 BCE


Coat of arms

The Hasmonean Kingdom at its greatest extent
Capital Jerusalem
Languages Biblical Hebrew, Old Aramaic (official),Koine Greek
Religion Judaism
Government Theocratic monarchy
Kohen Gadol, later Basileus
 •  140–135 BCE Simon Maccabeus
 •  134 (110)–104 BCE John Hyrcanus
 •  104–103 BCE Aristobulus I
 •  103–76 BCE Alexander Jannaeus
 •  76–67 BCE Salome Alexandra
 •  67–66 BCE Hyrcanus II
 •  66–63 BCE Aristobulus II
 •  63–40 BCE Hyrcanus II
 •  40–37 BCE Antigonus
Legislature Early Sanhedrin
Historical era Hellenistic Age
 •  Maccabean Revolt 164 BCE
 •  Dynasty established 140 BCE
 •  Full independence 110 BCE
 •  Pompey intervenes in Hasmonean civil war 63 BCE
 •  Parthian invasion 40 BCE
 •  Herod overthrows the Hasmoneans 37 BCE
Currency Hasmonean coinage
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Coele-Syria
Herodian kingdom
Today part of  Israel
 Palestine
 Jordan
 Lebanon
 Syria
 Egypt


Coat of arms

The Hasmonean dynasty (/ˌhæzməˈnən/ (audio); Hebrew: חשמונאים‎‎, Roman. Ḥashmona'im) was the ruling dynasty of Judea and surrounding regions during classical antiquity. Between c. 140 and c. 116 BCE the dynasty ruled semi-autonomously from the Seleucids in the region of Judea. From 110 BCE, with the Seleucid empire disintegrating, the dynasty became fully independent, expanded into the neighbouring regions of Samaria, Galilee, Iturea, Perea, and Idumea, and took the title "basileus". Some modern scholars refer to this period as an independent kingdom of Israel.


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