Hainan Island

Hainan Province 海南省
Province
Name transcription(s)
• Chinese	海南省 (Hǎinán Shěng)
• Abbreviation	simplified Chinese: 琼; traditional Chinese: 瓊 (pinyin: Qióng, POJ: khêng, Jyutping: king4)
• Hainanese	Hái-nâm-séng
• Yue Jyutping	Hoi2 Naam4 Saang2
Map showing the location of Hainan Province
Coordinates: 19°12′N 109°42′E / 19.2°N 109.7°E / 19.2; 109.7Coordinates: 19°12′N 109°42′E / 19.2°N 109.7°E / 19.2; 109.7
Named for	hǎi – sea nán – south "South of the Sea [Qiongzhou Strait]"
Capital (and largest city)	Haikou
Divisions	4 prefectures, 20 counties, 218 townships
Government
• Secretary	Luo Baoming
• Governor	Liu Cigui
Area
• Total	35,400 km2 (13,700 sq mi)
Area rank	28th
Population (2012)
• Total	8,900,000
• Rank	28th
• Density	250/km2 (650/sq mi)
• Density rank	17th
Demographics
• Ethnic composition	Han – 82.6% Li – 15.84% Miao – 0.82% Zhuang – 0.67%
• Languages and dialects	Hainanese, Yue, Hlai
ISO 3166 code	CN-46
GDP (2016)	CNY 0.4 trillion USD 61 billion (28th)
• per capita	CNY 44,405 USD 6,687 (18th)
HDI (2010)	0.680 (medium) (19th)
Website	www.hi.gov.cn

Hainan

Native name: 海南岛
Geography
Location	East Asia
Area	33,210 km2 (12,820 sq mi)
Area rank	42nd
Length	156 km (96.9 mi)
Width	170 km (106 mi)
Highest elevation	1,840 m (6,040 ft)
Highest point	Wuzhi Mountain
Administration
People's Republic of China
Province	Hainan
Largest settlement	Haikou (pop. 2,046,189)
Demographics
Population	approx. 8,180,000
Ethnic groups	Han, Li, Miao, Zhuang

Hainan
"Hainan" in Chinese characters
Chinese
Literal meaning	South of the Sea
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin  Hǎinán  Wade–Giles Hai3-nan2 IPA [xài̯.nǎn] Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Hói-nàahm Jyutping Hoi2-naam4 Southern Min Hainanese Romanization Hái-nâm

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Hǎinán
Wade–Giles	Hai3-nan2
IPA	[xài̯.nǎn]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Hói-nàahm
Jyutping	Hoi2-naam4
Southern Min
Hainanese Romanization	Hái-nâm

Hainan Island
A 19th-century map of Hainan Island
Simplified Chinese
Literal meaning	Island South of the Sea
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Hǎinán Dǎo

Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China, consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. Hainan Island, separated from Guangdong's Leizhou Peninsula by the Qiongzhou Strait, is the largest island under PRC control (Taiwan, which is slightly larger, is also claimed but not controlled by the PRC) and makes up the majority of the province. The province has an area of 33,920 square kilometers (13,100 sq mi), with Hainan Island making up 32,900 square kilometers (12,700 sq mi) (97%) and the rest divided among two hundred islands scattered across three archipelagos. It was administered as part of Guangdong until 1988, when it became a separate province; around the same time, it was made the largest Special Economic Zone established by Deng Xiaoping as part of the Opening Up of China. There are a total of ten major cities and ten counties in Hainan Province. Haikou on the northern coast of Hainan Island is the capital while Sanya is a well-known tourist destination on the southern coast. The other major cities are Wenchang, Qionghai, Wanning, Wuzhishan, Dongfang, and Danzhou.