Gustav Eiffel
| Gustave Eiffel | |
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Eiffel in 1888, photographed by Félix Nadar
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| Born |
Alexandre Gustave Bönickhausen 15 December 1832 Dijon, Côte-d'Or, France |
| Died | 27 December 1923 (aged 91) Paris, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Alma mater | École Centrale Paris |
| Spouse(s) | Marguerite Gaudelet (married 1862–1877) |
| Children | 3 daughters, 2 sons |
| Parent(s) | Alexandre and Catherine Eiffel |
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Alexandre Gustave Eiffel (born Bönickhausen;/ˈaɪfəl/; French pronunciation: [ɛfɛl]; 15 December 1832 – 27 December 1923) was a French civil engineer and architect. A graduate of École Centrale Paris, he made his name with various bridges for the French railway network, most famously the Garabit viaduct. He is best known for the world-famous Eiffel Tower, built for the 1889 Universal Exposition in Paris, and his contribution to building the Statue of Liberty in New York. After his retirement from engineering, Eiffel focused on research into meteorology and aerodynamics, and making significant contributions in both fields.
Gustave Eiffel was born in France, in the Côte-d'Or, the first child of Catherine-Mélanie (née Moneuse) and Alexandre Bönickhausen (French pronunciation: [bɔnikozɑ̃]). He was a descendant of Jean-René Bönickhausen, who had emigrated from the German town of Marmagen and settled in Paris at the beginning of the 18th century. The family adopted the name Eiffel as a reference to the Eifel mountains in the region from which they had come. Although the family always used the name Eiffel, Gustave's name was registered at birth as Bönickhausen, and was not officially changed to Eiffel until 1880.
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